A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is newly diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following treatment options should the nurse include in the teaching?
Initiate hospice care services when the client has 6 months or less to live.
Improve cognitive status with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Control anxiety with barbiturate medications.
Delay cognitive impairment with NMDA receptor antagonist medications.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Initiating hospice care services is generally considered when the client is in the final stages of Alzheimer's disease and has a life expectancy of 6 months or less. Hospice care focuses on comfort and quality of life, rather than curative treatments. It's an option when the disease has significantly progressed, not typically at the time of initial diagnosis.
Choice B reason: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain and is being studied as a potential treatment for improving cognitive status in Alzheimer's patients. However, it is not yet a standard treatment and is considered experimental.
Choice C reason: Barbiturate medications are not typically used to control anxiety in Alzheimer's patients due to the risk of dependency and the potential to worsen cognitive impairment. Other medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are generally preferred for managing anxiety in these patients⁷.
Choice D reason: NMDA receptor antagonists, such as memantine, are medications that can help delay cognitive symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. They work by regulating the activity of glutamate, a neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory, which may be overactive in Alzheimer's disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Notifying law enforcement within 2 hours if the person cannot be found is important, but immediate action is usually recommended in such cases. The sooner the authorities are alerted, the better the chances of locating the individual safely.
Choice B reason: Giving the most recent photo to the police is a proactive step in case the person goes missing. It can help law enforcement quickly disseminate the information and aid in the search. However, this is a reactive measure rather than a preventive one.
Choice C reason: Placing a sliding bolt lock just above the doorknob can prevent the individual from wandering, which is a common and dangerous issue in people with advanced Alzheimer's disease. This measure helps ensure the person's safety by preventing unsupervised exits from the home.
Choice D reason: Ensuring the bedroom is dark while the person is sleeping may not be advisable. Adequate night lighting is important for preventing falls if the person needs to get up during the night. A completely dark room can increase the risk of injury.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}
Explanation
Choice A Reason: The belief that a partner will not be violent in the future can be a form of denial or wishful thinking, especially without any evidence of change or intervention. It is not uncommon for individuals in abusive relationships to hope for change, but without concrete actions, such as therapy or other interventions, this hope does not indicate an improvement in the client’s situation.
Choice B Reason: Agreeing to an appointment with a social worker is a positive step towards addressing the situation and seeking help. Social workers can provide support, resources, and guidance, which can be crucial for someone experiencing partner violence. This choice indicates a potential improvement in the client’s psychological status as it shows a willingness to engage with support services.
Choice C Reason: A decrease in reported pain levels can indicate physical improvement. Pain scales are subjective but provide a measure of the client’s comfort and can reflect healing or the effectiveness of pain management strategies.
Choice D Reason: Requesting help to develop a safety plan is a proactive step in ensuring personal safety and preparing for potential future incidents of violence. It shows the client’s awareness of the risks and a desire to protect themselves, which is a positive indicator of psychological improvement.
Choice E Reason: While claiming responsibility for the physical altercation may seem negative, it can also be seen as the client’s attempt to make sense of the situation. It is important to note that responsibility for violence lies with the perpetrator, not the victim. However, recognizing the dynamics of the relationship and the events leading up to the violence can be part of the healing process and taking control of one’s life.
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