A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is newly diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following treatment options should the nurse include in the teaching?
Initiate hospice care services when the client has 6 months or less to live.
Improve cognitive status with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Control anxiety with barbiturate medications.
Delay cognitive impairment with NMDA receptor antagonist medications.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Initiating hospice care services is generally considered when the client is in the final stages of Alzheimer's disease and has a life expectancy of 6 months or less. Hospice care focuses on comfort and quality of life, rather than curative treatments. It's an option when the disease has significantly progressed, not typically at the time of initial diagnosis.
Choice B reason: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain and is being studied as a potential treatment for improving cognitive status in Alzheimer's patients. However, it is not yet a standard treatment and is considered experimental.
Choice C reason: Barbiturate medications are not typically used to control anxiety in Alzheimer's patients due to the risk of dependency and the potential to worsen cognitive impairment. Other medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are generally preferred for managing anxiety in these patients⁷.
Choice D reason: NMDA receptor antagonists, such as memantine, are medications that can help delay cognitive symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. They work by regulating the activity of glutamate, a neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory, which may be overactive in Alzheimer's disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: While verbalizing an improved mood is a positive outcome, it is not specific to borderline personality disorder and does not directly address the behavioral aspects of the condition.
Choice B reason: Hallucinations are not a typical symptom of borderline personality disorder; they are more commonly associated with psychotic disorders. Therefore, a decrease in hallucinations would not be a relevant treatment outcome for this condition.
Choice C reason:Encouraging personal hygiene supports general self-care but does not target the specific therapeutic goals for borderline personality disorder, which center on interpersonal effectiveness and emotion regulation.
Choice D reason: Teaching the client to articulate needs directly builds assertive communication and interpersonal effectiveness—core competencies in dialectical behavior therapy that reduce maladaptive behaviors and improve relationship stability.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement may seem supportive, but it does not address the immediate safety concerns for a client with suicidal ideations and a verbalized plan. Submitting a request for privacy does not mitigate the risk of harm the client may pose to themselves.
Choice B reason: This is the most appropriate response because it directly addresses the safety of the client, which is the primary concern in this situation. It communicates care and concern while also reinforcing the need for observation due to the risk of suicide.
Choice C reason: While safety contracts can be a part of a comprehensive treatment plan, they are not foolproof and should not replace close observation for a client who has expressed suicidal ideations and has a plan. Relying solely on a contract in this situation could be dangerous.
Choice D reason: This statement is factual in that medication levels need to be therapeutic; however, it does not directly address the immediate risk of suicide. Constant observation is required regardless of medication levels if a client has verbalized a plan for suicide.
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