A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is newly diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following treatment options should the nurse include in the teaching?

Initiate hospice care services when the client has 6 months or less to live.

Improve cognitive status with transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Control anxiety with barbiturate medications.

Delay cognitive impairment with NMDA receptor antagonist medications.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Initiating hospice care services is generally considered when the client is in the final stages of Alzheimer's disease and has a life expectancy of 6 months or less. Hospice care focuses on comfort and quality of life, rather than curative treatments. It's an option when the disease has significantly progressed, not typically at the time of initial diagnosis.

Choice B reason: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain and is being studied as a potential treatment for improving cognitive status in Alzheimer's patients. However, it is not yet a standard treatment and is considered experimental.

Choice C reason: Barbiturate medications are not typically used to control anxiety in Alzheimer's patients due to the risk of dependency and the potential to worsen cognitive impairment. Other medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are generally preferred for managing anxiety in these patients⁷.

Choice D reason: NMDA receptor antagonists, such as memantine, are medications that can help delay cognitive symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. They work by regulating the activity of glutamate, a neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory, which may be overactive in Alzheimer's disease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Witnessing an informed consent is a legal process that typically requires a licensed nurse or healthcare provider to ensure that the client fully understands the procedure and its risks. It is not appropriate to delegate this task to assistive personnel.

Choice B reason: Explaining the benefits of light therapy involves providing health education, which should be done by a licensed nurse or healthcare provider who has the necessary knowledge and training to ensure accurate information is conveyed.

Choice C reason: Discussing the adverse effects of medications is part of medication education and should be conducted by a licensed nurse or healthcare provider. Assistive personnel are not trained to provide this level of detailed medical information.

Choice D reason: Participating in solitary activities does not require clinical judgment and can be safely delegated to assistive personnel. This task involves engaging the client in activities that can help manage their mania and provide a therapeutic environment.

A. Assist the client to use new coping strategies. B. Establish confidentiality guidelines with the client. C. Help the client to make behavioral changes. D. Share information with the client about their disorder.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Assisting the client to use new coping strategies is an important part of managing bipolar disorder, but it is not the first action a nurse should take when establishing a nurse-client relationship. Coping strategies will be more effective once a trusting relationship has been established and the client feels secure in sharing personal information.

Choice B reason: Establishing confidentiality guidelines with the client is the first and most crucial step in forming a therapeutic nurse-client relationship. It sets the foundation for trust and openness, ensuring the client understands that their personal information will be protected and shared only with those directly involved in their care.

Choice C reason: Helping the client to make behavioral changes is a goal in the treatment of bipolar disorder. However, before any interventions can be planned or implemented, the nurse must first establish a rapport and trust with the client, which begins with ensuring confidentiality.

Choice D reason: Sharing information with the client about their disorder is essential for their understanding and participation in care. However, this should occur after establishing a relationship in which the client feels comfortable and secure, knowing their privacy is respected.

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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is newly diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following treatment options should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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