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A nurse is providing teaching about the use of crutches using a three-point gait to a client who has a tibia fracture.

Which of the following actions by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Moving both crutches with the stronger leg forward first.

Supporting his body weight while leaning on the axillary crutch pads

Stepping with his affected leg first when going up stairs

Positioning both hands on the grips with his elbows slightly flexed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is Choice d. Positioning both hands on the grips with his elbows slightly flexed.

Choice A rationale:

Moving both crutches with the stronger leg forward first is incorrect for a three-point gait. This describes a two-point gait, which is used when a client can bear weight on both legs. In a three-point gait, the client bears weight on the unaffected leg and the crutches, not the stronger leg.
This action would put excessive weight on the affected leg and could potentially compromise healing or cause further injury.

Choice B rationale:

Supporting his body weight while leaning on the axillary crutch pads is also incorrect. This can lead to nerve damage in the armpits and should be avoided.
The weight should be distributed through the hands and wrists, not the armpits.

Choice C rationale:

Stepping with his affected leg first when going up stairs is incorrect and potentially dangerous. The client should lead with the stronger leg when going up stairs to maintain balance and control.

Choice D rationale:

Positioning both hands on the grips with his elbows slightly flexed is the correct action for using crutches with a three-point gait. This allows for proper weight distribution, balance, and control of the crutches.
It also helps to prevent fatigue and strain in the arms and shoulders.

Key points to remember about the three-point gait:

Weight is borne on the unaffected leg and the crutches, not the affected leg.
The crutches and the unaffected leg move forward together, followed by the affected leg.
The client should look ahead, not down at their feet.
The client should take small, even steps.
The client should rest as needed.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This is because coarctation of the aorta is a congenital condition where the aorta is narrow, usually in the area where the ductus arteriosus inserts. This causes a decrease in blood flow to the lower body, resulting in weak or absent pulses in the femoral arteries.

The other choices are incorrect for the following reasons:

Choice A, frequent nosebleeds, is not a typical sign of coarctation of the aorta.

Nosebleeds can be caused by many factors, such as dry air, allergies, trauma, or bleeding disorders.

Choice B, upper extremity hypotension, is also not a common finding in coarctation of the aorta. In fact, patients with this condition may have high blood pressure in the upper extremities due to the increased resistance of the narrowed aorta.
Choice D, increased intracranial pressure, is not directly related to coarctation of the aorta.

Increased intracranial pressure can be caused by various conditions that affect the brain, such as head injury, stroke, infection, or tumor.

Normal ranges for blood pressure and pulse vary depending on age, sex, and health status.

However, some general guidelines are:

Blood pressure: less than 120/80 mmHg for adults; less than 95/65 mmHg for infants.
Pulse: 60 to 100 beats per minute for adults; 100 to 160 beats per minute for infants.

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"C"}

Explanation

The nurse should first administer oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula because the client has signs of hypoxemia (low oxygen saturation) and respiratory distress (increased respiratory rate) that may worsen the chest pain and myocardial ischemia. Oxygen therapy can help improve oxygen delivery to the heart muscle and reduce the workload of the heart.
The nurse should then administer sublingual nitroglycerin as prescribed because nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that can help relieve chest pain by dilating the coronary arteries and improving blood flow to the heart. Nitroglycerin can also lower blood pressure and reduce cardiac preload and afterload, which can decrease myocardial oxygen demand.
Other choices:

• Prepare the client for cardiac catheterization: This may be a later intervention if the chest pain persists or if the client has a confirmed myocardial infarction, but it is not the first priority for the nurse. Cardiac catheterization is an invasive procedure that involves inserting a catheter into a large artery and advancing it to the coronary arteries to visualize any blockages or stenosis. The procedure may also involve angioplasty or stent placement to restore blood flow to the affected area.

• Request a prescription for an increase in statin: This may be a long-term intervention to lower the client’s LDL cholesterol and prevent further plaque formation in the coronary arteries, but it is not an immediate intervention for chest pain. Statins are lipid-lowering drugs that can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in clients with CAD, but they do not have a direct effect on chest pain or myocardial ischemia.

• Check a STAT cardiac troponin: This may be a diagnostic test to confirm or rule out a myocardial infarction, but it is not an intervention for chest pain. Cardiac troponin is a protein that is released into the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart muscle. Elevated levels of cardiac troponin indicate a myocardial infarction or other cardiac injury.

• Request a prescription for a beta-blocker: This may be an adjunctive therapy to reduce chest pain and prevent complications, but it is not the first-line intervention for chest pain. Beta-blockers are drugs that block the effects of adrenaline on the heart and blood vessels, which can lower heart rate, blood pressure, and myocardial oxygen demand. Beta-blockers can also prevent arrhythmias and reduce mortality in clients with CAD.

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A nurse is providing teaching about the use of crutches using a three-point gait to a client who has a tibia fracture. Which of the following actions by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for an infant who has coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an expected finding?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client. Exhibits Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. After notifying the provider, the nurse should first and then .

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"C"}

Explanation

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A nurse is providing teaching about the use of crutches using a three-point gait to a client who has a tibia fracture.

Which of the following actions by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?