A nurse is providing teaching about dietary modifications to a client who has cholecystitis. The nurse should include which of the following foods as appropriate for the client's diet?
Ground beef
Graham crackers
Blueberry muffins
2% milk
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Ground beef is high in saturated fat and cholesterol, which can increase the risk of gallstones. A client with cholecystitis should avoid fatty, greasy, or fried foods; meats; and cheeses.
Choice B reason: Graham crackers are low in fat and high in fiber, which can help prevent gallstones. A client with cholecystitis should eat more foods that are high in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, beans, and whole grains.
Choice C reason: Blueberry muffins may contain butter, eggs, or milk, which are sources of saturated fat and cholesterol. A client with cholecystitis should eat fewer refined carbohydrates and less sugar.
Choice D reason: 2% milk is a dairy product that contains saturated fat and cholesterol. A client with cholecystitis should eat healthy fats, like fish oil and olive oil, to help the gallbladder contract and empty on a regular basis.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D reason: A calorie reduction of 500 fewer calories per day can result in a weight loss of about 0.45 kg (1 lb) per week, which is a safe and realistic goal for most clients. A pound of fat contains about 3,500 calories, so reducing the daily intake by 500 calories can create a deficit of 3,500 calories per week.
Choice A reason: A weight loss of 0.45 kg (1 lb) per day is too rapid and unhealthy, as it can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, muscle loss, and metabolic slowdown. It can also be unsustainable and lead to weight regain. A calorie reduction of 500 fewer calories per day cannot achieve such a drastic weight loss.
Choice B reason: A weight loss of 0.23 kg (0.5 lb) per day is also too rapid and unhealthy, for the same reasons as choice A. A calorie reduction of 500 fewer calories per day cannot achieve such a drastic weight loss.
Choice C reason: A weight loss of 0.23 kg (0.5 lb) per week is too slow and unlikely, as it would require a calorie reduction of only 250 fewer calories per day. This is not enough to create a significant deficit and stimulate weight loss. A calorie reduction of 500 fewer calories per day can result in a faster weight loss.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fever is not an indication of an allergic reaction, as it is a sign of infection or inflammation. The nurse should assess the infant for other causes of fever, such as ear infection, urinary tract infection, or viral illness.
Choice B reason: Jaundice is not an indication of an allergic reaction, as it is a sign of liver dysfunction or hemolysis. The nurse should evaluate the infant for other causes of jaundice, such as hepatitis, biliary atresia, or hemolytic anemia.
Choice C reason: Bruising is not an indication of an allergic reaction, as it is a sign of trauma or bleeding disorder. The nurse should examine the infant for other causes of bruising, such as injury, coagulopathy, or leukemia.
Choice D reason: Diarrhea is an indication of an allergic reaction, as it is a sign of gastrointestinal hypersensitivity or intolerance. The nurse should ask the parents about the infant's food intake, history of allergies, and symptoms of anaphylaxis, such as hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
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