A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Drinking orange juice with iron supplements can decrease absorption.

Cooking in a stainless steel skillet increases the amount of iron in the food.

Drinking iced tea with meals can increase the amount of iron absorbed.

Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Drinking orange juice with iron supplements can decrease absorption: This information is crucial to include in discharge teaching for a client with iron deficiency anemia. Orange juice contains vitamin C, which enhances the absorption of non-heme iron, the type of iron found in supplements and plant-based foods. Advising the client to take iron supplements with orange juice can improve iron absorption and maximize the effectiveness of the treatment.

B) Cooking in a stainless steel skillet increases the amount of iron in the food: While cooking in a cast-iron skillet can increase the iron content of food, cooking in a stainless steel skillet does not have the same effect. Therefore, this information is not relevant to the client's discharge teaching about iron deficiency anemia.

C) Drinking iced tea with meals can increase the amount of iron absorbed: This statement is inaccurate. Compounds found in tea, such as tannins, can inhibit the absorption of non-heme iron from plant-based foods and supplements. Therefore, advising the client to drink iced tea with meals could potentially decrease iron absorption, which is contrary to the client's nutritional needs.

D) Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron: While fish and poultry are good dietary sources of protein and certain vitamins and minerals, they are not primary sources of heme iron. Heme iron is primarily found in animal-based foods such as red meat, poultry, and fish. Including this information in discharge teaching may provide the client with general dietary knowledge but does not directly address strategies to improve iron absorption or manage iron deficiency anemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Answer: D

Rationale:

A. "Set your weight loss goal to 2.5 pounds per week": A more realistic and safe weight loss goal is 1 to 2 pounds per week. Losing 2.5 pounds per week may be too rapid and could lead to potential health issues or unsustainable practices.

B. "Make sure to drink water with your meals": While staying hydrated is important, drinking water with meals is not specifically recommended as a behavioral modification for weight loss. It's generally more effective to focus on overall hydration and mindful eating practices.

C. "Meal replacement shakes can cause weight gain": Meal replacement shakes, if used correctly and in moderation, can support weight loss rather than cause weight gain. The key is to ensure they are part of a balanced diet and not consumed in excess.

D. "Your biggest meal of the day should be breakfast": Eating a substantial breakfast can help manage hunger and prevent overeating later in the day. This approach can support weight loss by promoting balanced energy levels and reducing the likelihood of excessive calorie consumption at other meals.

A. "Protein requirements decrease in times of stress." B. "Glucose is broken down more slowly during times of stress." C. "Acute stress causes an increase in metabolism." D. "Stress causes a positive nitrogen balance in the body."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) "Protein requirements decrease in times of stress": This statement is incorrect. During times of stress, such as illness or injury, the body's protein requirements often increase to support tissue repair, immune function, and other metabolic processes. Therefore, protein requirements typically increase rather than decrease during periods of stress.

B) "Glucose is broken down more slowly during times of stress": This statement is also incorrect. During stress, the body releases hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, which promote the breakdown of glycogen into glucose, providing a quick energy source for the body's response to stress. Therefore, glucose is broken down more rapidly during times of stress to meet the increased energy demands.

C) "Acute stress causes an increase in metabolism": This statement is accurate. Acute stress triggers the release of stress hormones, such as cortisol and adrenaline, which can increase metabolism. These hormones stimulate processes such as gluconeogenesis (the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources), lipolysis (the breakdown of fats), and increased heart rate and blood pressure, all of which contribute to an increase in metabolic rate during acute stress.

D) "Stress causes a positive nitrogen balance in the body": This statement is incorrect. Stress, particularly severe or prolonged stress, can lead to a negative nitrogen balance in the body. During stress, there may be increased protein breakdown to provide amino acids for energy production and other metabolic needs. Additionally, stress can impair protein synthesis and utilization, leading to muscle wasting and a negative nitrogen balance.

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