A nurse is providing discharge teaching about home care of a surgical incision to a client who speaks a different language from the nurse.

The nurse is communicating with the client using an interpreter.

Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Choice A reason:

Substitute tobacco use with an electronic cigarette Electronic cigarette, also known as e-cigarettes or vapes, are not recommended as a primary treatment for nicotine withdrawal. While they may be considered less harmful than traditional tobacco products, their long-term safety and effectiveness in helping individuals quit smoking are still a subject of debate and research. It is generally better to opt for proven nicotine replacement therapies, such as nicotine gum, patches, lozenges, or other medications approved by healthcare providers for smoking cessation.

Choice B reason:

Limitin use of nicotine gum to 6 months is the correct choice. When discussing treatment options with a client experiencing nicotine withdrawal, the nurse should include the information that the use of nicotine gum should be limited to 6 months. Nicotine gum is a form of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) used to help individuals quit smoking by reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings.

However, prolonged use of nicotine gum can lead to its own dependence on nicotine, which is counterproductive to the goal of quitting smoking altogether. The use of NRT is typically recommended for a limited duration, and the goal is to gradually reduce the dosage over time until the individual can comfortably quit nicotine use altogether.

Choice C reason:

Using progressively larger nicotine patches Using progressively larger nicotine patches is not a recommended approach for nicotine withdrawal. Nicotine patches are available in different strengths, and the appropriate dosage should be determined based on the individual's smoking history and nicotine dependence. Starting with the appropriate strength and gradually reducing the dosage over time is the preferred approach to help clients quit smoking.

Choice D reason:

Using up to 40 nicotine lozenges per day the use of nicotine lozenges should be guided by the instructions provided with the product or as prescribed by a healthcare provider. It is not advisable to exceed the recommended dosage. Using excessive amounts of nicotine lozenges or any other NRT product can lead to nicotine toxicity and other adverse effects.

The correct answer is choice A, hematuria.

Hematuria is the presence of red blood cells in the urine, which can make it appear pink or cola-colored. Hematuria is a common sign of glomerulonephritis, which is inflammation of the tiny filters in the kidneys (glomeruli) that remove waste and excess fluid from the blood.

Hematuria occurs because the inflamed glomeruli allow some blood cells to leak into the urine.

Choice B, polyuria, is wrong because polyuria is the production of abnormally large amounts of urine. Polyuria is not a typical feature of acute glomerulonephritis, which may actually cause reduced urine output due to fluid retention and decreased kidney function.

Choice C, weight loss, is wrong because weight loss is not a common symptom of acute glomerulonephritis. On the contrary, weight gain may occur due to fluid retention and edema (swelling) in the face, hands, feet and abdomen.

Choice D, hypotension, is wrong because hypotension is low blood pressure. Hypotension is not usually associated with acute glomerulonephritis, which may cause high blood pressure (hypertension) due to fluid overload and impaired sodium excretion by the kidneys.

Normal ranges for blood pressure are less than 120/80 mmHg for adults.

Normal ranges for urine output are about 800 to 2000 mL per day for adults.

Normal ranges for protein in the urine are less than 150 mg per day for adults. Normal ranges for red blood cells in the urine are less than 3 per high-power field for men and less than 5 per high-power field for women.