A nurse is providing direction to a nursing assistant who will be caring for a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and receiving azidothymidine (AZT) antiretroviral therapy. The nurse should instruct the nursing assistant to implement which of the following actions?

Isolation gown

Contact isolation

Standard precautions

Respiratory isolation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Isolation gown: Isolation gowns are used as part of contact precautions or airborne precautions for specific infectious diseases that require additional transmission-based precautions beyond standard precautions. However, standard precautions are generally sufficient for caring for clients with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy.

B. Contact isolation: Contact isolation is used for patients with known or suspected infections that can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment. HIV does not require contact isolation unless there are additional infections or conditions present that warrant contact precautions.
C. Standard precautions: Standard precautions are the basic infection prevention practices that apply to all patient care, regardless of the suspected or confirmed infection status of the patient. This includes practices such as hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gown, mask, eye protection) when indicated, and safe injection practices. Standard precautions should be used for all patients, including those with HIV, to prevent the transmission of infectious agents.
D. Respiratory isolation: Respiratory isolation is used for patients with known or suspected respiratory infections that are transmitted through respiratory droplets. HIV is not transmitted through respiratory droplets and does not require respiratory isolation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A diet high in potassium: A high-potassium diet can actually help lower blood pressure and is often recommended for hypertensive patients.

B. Taking benazepril: Benazepril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, so it is not a risk factor for developing high blood pressure.

C. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): OSA is a significant risk factor for the development of hypertension. The repeated episodes of apnea during sleep can lead to increased sympathetic nervous system activity and elevated blood pressure.

D. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 70 mg/dL: A high HDL level is generally considered protective against cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension.

A. "After the surgery, I will have to be careful with heavy lifting for a few weeks." B. "I know that after the surgery, I will only have one testicle left." C. "I will have to take antibiotics as prescribed by my doctor to prevent infection." D. "I will need to avoid showering for a month after the surgery."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "After the surgery, I will have to be careful with heavy lifting for a few weeks": This statement demonstrates understanding of postoperative precautions, as heavy lifting can strain the surgical site and delay healing.

B. "I know that after the surgery, I will only have one testicle left": This statement indicates awareness of the surgical procedure and its potential outcomes, which is accurate.

C. "I will have to take antibiotics as prescribed by my doctor to prevent infection": This statement reflects understanding of the importance of antibiotic therapy to prevent postoperative infection, which is correct.

D. "I will need to avoid showering for a month after the surgery": This statement is incorrect.

Avoiding showering for a month after surgery is unnecessary and could lead to poor hygiene and potential complications such as infection. The client should be educated that showering is typically allowed after surgery, but they should avoid soaking the incision site in water until it has healed properly.

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A nurse is providing direction to a nursing assistant who will be caring for a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and receiving azidothymidine (AZT) antiretroviral therapy. The nurse should instruct the nursing assistant to implement which of the following actions?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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