A nurse is providing direction to a nursing assistant who will be caring for a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and receiving azidothymidine (AZT) antiretroviral therapy. The nurse should instruct the nursing assistant to implement which of the following actions?

Isolation gown

Contact isolation

Standard precautions

Respiratory isolation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Isolation gown: Isolation gowns are used as part of contact precautions or airborne precautions for specific infectious diseases that require additional transmission-based precautions beyond standard precautions. However, standard precautions are generally sufficient for caring for clients with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy.

B. Contact isolation: Contact isolation is used for patients with known or suspected infections that can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment. HIV does not require contact isolation unless there are additional infections or conditions present that warrant contact precautions.
C. Standard precautions: Standard precautions are the basic infection prevention practices that apply to all patient care, regardless of the suspected or confirmed infection status of the patient. This includes practices such as hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gown, mask, eye protection) when indicated, and safe injection practices. Standard precautions should be used for all patients, including those with HIV, to prevent the transmission of infectious agents.
D. Respiratory isolation: Respiratory isolation is used for patients with known or suspected respiratory infections that are transmitted through respiratory droplets. HIV is not transmitted through respiratory droplets and does not require respiratory isolation.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Allergic rhinitis: This is a common manifestation of a type I hypersensitivity reaction, often involving nasal congestion, sneezing, and itching.

B. Cough: While a cough can occur, it is not as specific or common in the context of systemic type I hypersensitivity reactions as the other options.

C. Hypotension: Hypotension can occur due to vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, which are hallmarks of systemic anaphylaxis.

D. Wheezing: Wheezing results from bronchoconstriction, a common feature in systemic type I hypersensitivity reactions, such as anaphylaxis.

E. Urticaria: Urticaria (hives) is a common skin manifestation of a type I hypersensitivity reaction, characterized by itchy, raised welts on the skin.

A. Health care providers should be told about the diagnosis to deliver safe care. B. Most people in current society would be accepting of the diagnosis. C. Intimate partners should be told so they can protect themselves. D. The diagnosis is reportable to the state health department. E. Secrecy about the diagnosis is the privilege of the client.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Health care providers should be told about the diagnosis to deliver safe care: Health care providers need to know the client's diagnosis to provide appropriate and safe care. This includes administering medications, assessing for opportunistic infections, and implementing preventive measures.

B. Most people in current society would be accepting of the diagnosis: While stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS has decreased over time, disclosure is a personal decision, and not all individuals may be accepting of the diagnosis. Therefore, this statement may not always be accurate.

C. Intimate partners should be told so they can protect themselves: Disclosing the diagnosis to intimate partners is essential for their health and well-being, as it allows them to take necessary precautions to prevent transmission of the virus.

D. The diagnosis is reportable to the state health department: In many jurisdictions, HIV/AIDS diagnoses are reportable to the state health department for surveillance and public health monitoring purposes. This reporting is typically done without disclosing the client's identity.

E. Secrecy about the diagnosis is the privilege of the client: While confidentiality is crucial, it's important to balance it with public health considerations and the well-being of others who may be at risk of infection.

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A nurse is providing direction to a nursing assistant who will be caring for a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and receiving azidothymidine (AZT) antiretroviral therapy. The nurse should instruct the nursing assistant to implement which of the following actions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is noted to have type I hypersensitivity reaction with a systemic response. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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