A nurse is providing an in-service regarding gastrointestinal (GI) medications. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate responses.
Surfactant laxatives, such as dropdown ( Docusate sodium, bisacodyl, Polyethylene glycol), lower surface tension of the stool to allow penetration of water. This softens the stool so it can be passed more easily.
On the other hand, dropdown ( Metronidazole, morphine, Loperamide) is used to prevent diarrhea.
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"C"}
- Docusate sodium: This is a surfactant laxative that helps soften stools by allowing water and fats to penetrate the stool, making it easier to pass.
- Loperamide: This medication is an anti-diarrheal agent that works by slowing down gut movement, which helps reduce the frequency of diarrhea.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Metformin does not typically cause hypoglycemia because it works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity, not directly lowering blood sugar levels.
B. Somnolence could indicate lactic acidosis, a rare but serious adverse effect of metformin that warrants immediate medical attention.
C. Fluid retention is not a known adverse effect of metformin. Other medications, such as certain thiazolidinediones, are associated with this complication.
D. Hyperglycemia is not a typical adverse effect of metformin; instead, it helps manage blood glucose levels in clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hyperglycemia: While metformin is used to manage blood glucose levels in clients with diabetes, its interaction with contrast dye does not directly lead to hyperglycemia. However, the risk for kidney injury, which can affect glucose regulation, is a concern.
B. Acute renal failure: This is correct. The combination of metformin and iodine-containing contrast dye increases the risk of acute renal failure, also known as contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). This occurs because contrast agents can cause kidney damage, and metformin is excreted by the kidneys. If renal function is impaired, the buildup of metformin can lead to lactic acidosis.
C. Acute pancreatitis: While acute pancreatitis is a possible side effect of metformin in some individuals, the primary concern with iodine-containing contrast dye is renal failure, not pancreatitis.
D. Acute liver failure: Metformin is primarily metabolized by the kidneys, not the liver, and does not commonly cause liver failure. Renal failure is the more pressing concern with the use of contrast dye in clients taking metformin.
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