A nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client. Which of the following information should the nurse recognize prior to administering the medication?

The antidote for warfarin is protamine.

The client should be observed for manifestations of hemorrhage.

The client's aPTT should be monitored.

Warfarin can be administered along with NSAIDs.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: The statement that the antidote for warfarin is protamine is incorrect. The primary antidote for warfarin is Vitamin K, and in cases of significant bleeding, prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) may be used¹². Protamine is used as an antidote for heparin, not warfarin¹.

Choice B reason: Observing the client for manifestations of hemorrhage is a critical nursing action when administering warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant, and one of the major risks associated with its use is bleeding. The nurse should monitor for signs such as unusual bruising, petechiae, hematuria, tarry stools, or any other indications of internal or external bleeding⁷⁸.

Choice C reason: Monitoring the client's aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) is not typically associated with warfarin therapy. Warfarin's effect is monitored through the prothrombin time (PT) and the International Normalized Ratio (INR), not aPTT, which is more commonly used to monitor heparin therapy⁴⁵.

Choice D reason: Warfarin should not be administered along with NSAIDs without careful consideration and monitoring due to the increased risk of bleeding. NSAIDs can affect platelet function and gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to an elevated risk of gastrointestinal bleeding when taken with warfarin¹¹¹².

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason : Fibromyalgia can indeed be associated with migraine headaches. Many individuals with fibromyalgia report experiencing headaches, and migraines are a common comorbidity. The exact link between fibromyalgia and migraines is not fully understood, but it is believed that the same abnormalities in neurotransmitter levels that contribute to fibromyalgia pain may also predispose individuals to migraines¹².

Choice B reason : The statement "Fibromyalgia causes joint inflammation" is incorrect and indicates a need for further teaching. Fibromyalgia does not cause inflammation within the joints. It is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in specific areas, but it does not involve the type of joint inflammation seen in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis¹². This misconception may arise because the symptoms can be similar to those of arthritic conditions, but the underlying mechanisms are different.

Choice C reason : Fibromyalgia may indeed cause chest pain, which is often referred to as costochondritis when it involves the cartilage of the rib cage. This chest pain can mimic that of a heart attack or other heart conditions, but it is actually a common symptom of fibromyalgia and is related to the tender points in the chest area¹².

Choice D reason : It is true that fibromyalgia symptoms may worsen depending on the weather. Many patients report that their symptoms flare up in response to changes in weather, temperature, and humidity. However, the reasons for this sensitivity are not entirely clear, and research on the subject has produced mixed results¹².

A. Long-term treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. B. Short-term treatment of panic attacks. C. Long-term treatment of agoraphobia. D. Short-term treatment of depression.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason : Benzodiazepines are not typically used for the long-term treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder due to the risk of dependence and because other medications, such as SSRIs, are more effective for long-term management⁵.

Choice B reason : Benzodiazepines are effective for the short-term management of panic attacks due to their rapid onset of action, which can quickly alleviate acute symptoms of anxiety and panic⁵⁹.

Choice C reason : Long-term treatment of agoraphobia generally involves psychotherapy and SSRIs or SNRIs rather than benzodiazepines, which can lead to dependence and are not recommended for long-term use⁵.

Choice D reason : Benzodiazepines are not the first-line treatment for depression and are generally not used for this purpose. Antidepressants and psychotherapy are the standard treatments for depression⁵.

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A nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client. Which of the following information should the nurse recognize prior to administering the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Which of the following client statements indicates the need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Anxiolytics, known as Benzodiazepines, are especially useful in which behavioral health patient treatment?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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