A nurse is preparing to administer a vaccine to a 4-year-old child. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse administer?

Choice A reason: Bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, caused by a bacterial infection. It can cause fever, headache, neck stiffness, photophobia, and altered mental status. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis may show increased white blood cells, protein, and glucose. The nurse should assess the neck range of motion and the reaction to pupil assessment, as these may indicate increased intracranial pressure.

Choice B reason: Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue, usually caused by a viral infection. It can cause fever, headache, confusion, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. The CSF analysis may show increased white blood cells and protein, but normal glucose. The nurse should assess the level of consciousness and the neurological status, as these may indicate brain damage.

Choice C reason: Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. It can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and dehydration. The nurse should assess the gastrointestinal manifestations and the vital signs, as these may indicate fluid and electrolyte imbalance.

Choice D reason: Migraine is a type of headache that involves recurrent episodes of moderate to severe pain, usually on one side of the head, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. The nurse should assess the location and duration of pain, the triggers and relievers, and the history of migraine. The CSF analysis is usually normal.

Choice A reason: This is not a correct statement by the child. The child should take their regular insulin as prescribed, even when they are sick. Insulin helps the body use glucose for energy and prevents high blood sugar levels, which can cause complications. The child may need to adjust their insulin dose or frequency depending on their blood glucose levels, food intake, and activity level.

Choice B reason: This is not a correct statement by the child. The child should not store unopened bottles of insulin in the freezer. Freezing can damage the insulin and make it ineffective. The child should store unopened bottles of insulin in the refrigerator, away from direct light and heat. The child should store opened bottles of insulin at room temperature and discard them after 28 days.

Choice C reason: This is not a correct statement by the child. The child's morning blood glucose should be between 70 and 110 mg/dL, according to the American Diabetes Association. A blood glucose level between 90 and 130 mg/dL may indicate that the child has hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, which can cause symptoms such as thirst, hunger, fatigue, and frequent urination.

Choice D reason: This is a correct statement by the child. The child should eat a snack half an hour before playing soccer or engaging in any physical activity. Physical activity lowers blood glucose levels, and a snack can help prevent hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, which can cause symptoms such as shakiness, sweating, dizziness, and confusion.