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A nurse is preparing to administer 5 units of regular insulin and 20 units of NPH insulin to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Inject 20 units of air into the vial of NPH insulin.

Inject 5 units of air into the vial of regular insulin.

Withdraw 20 units of NPH insulin from the vial.

Withdraw 5 units of regular insulin from the vial.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Answer: (A) Inject 20 units of air into the vial of NPH insulin.

Rationale:

A) Inject 20 units of air into the vial of NPH insulin:

Injecting air into the vial of NPH insulin is the first step to prevent creating a vacuum, which could make it difficult to withdraw the insulin later. The nurse must inject the corresponding amount of air for the dose needed, ensuring that the insulin can be withdrawn smoothly and accurately without bubbles, which could affect the dose.

B) Inject 5 units of air into the vial of regular insulin:

Injecting air into the regular insulin vial is also necessary before withdrawing the insulin, but it should be done after injecting air into the NPH vial. This sequence ensures that no NPH insulin contaminates the regular insulin vial when the nurse withdraws the doses later.

C) Withdraw 20 units of NPH insulin from the vial:

Withdrawing NPH insulin should be done after air is injected into both vials and after the regular insulin has been drawn up. This sequence prevents the mixing of the two types of insulin and ensures accurate dosing, which is crucial for maintaining the correct blood glucose levels.

D) Withdraw 5 units of regular insulin from the vial:

Withdrawing regular insulin is critical to do before the NPH insulin to prevent contamination of the regular insulin with NPH, which could alter the onset and peak times of the regular insulin. However, it should follow the steps of injecting air into both vials, starting with the NPH vial.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Yogurt is a beneficial food for individuals with IBS for several reasons: Yogurt contains live beneficial bacteria, known as probiotics, which can help regulate the balance of gut bacteria. Probiotics may improve digestive health and reduce symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea in some individuals with IBS. Yogurt is a good source of calcium, which is an essential nutrient for overall health and plays a role in maintaining normal digestive function.

Ice cream is not typically recommended for individuals with IBS. It contains high amounts of fat and lactose, which can worsen symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea in some individuals with IBS. Moreover, some people with IBS may be sensitive to dairy products.

Honey is generally well-tolerated by individuals with IBS. However, it does not offer specific benefits for managing IBS symptoms. Its inclusion in the diet would depend on individual preferences and tolerances.

Watermelon is a low-FODMAP fruit, which means it is generally well-tolerated by individuals with IBS. It can be a refreshing and hydrating option. However, its inclusion in the diet would depend on individual preferences and tolerances.

A. Administer a reversal agent B. Initiate cardiac monitoring C. Instruct the client to stand up slowly. D. Inform the client to report urinary retention

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

c. Instruct the client to stand up slowly.

Explanation:

The correct answer is c. Instruct the client to stand up slowly.

Prazosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic blocker used to treat hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia. One of the common side eﬀects of prazosin is orthostatic hypotension, which can cause a drop in blood pressure when changing positions from lying or sitting to standing.

In this scenario, the client's blood pressure is 100/60 mm Hg, which indicates hypotension. To prevent a sudden drop in blood pressure and related symptoms such as dizziness or fainting, the nurse should instruct the client to stand up slowly. This allows the body time to adjust to the change in position and minimizes the risk of orthostatic hypotension.

Option a, administering a reversal agent, is not necessary in this situation. Reversal agents are used to counteract the eﬀects of specific medications when there is a need to rapidly reverse their actions. There is no indication in the scenario that the client requires a reversal agent.

Option b, initiating cardiac monitoring, is not warranted based solely on a blood pressure reading of 100/60 mm Hg. Cardiac monitoring is typically indicated when there are specific cardiac concerns or symptoms, which are not mentioned in the scenario.

Option d, informing the client to report urinary retention, is a potential side eﬀect of prazosin but is not the most appropriate action to take in this situation. The client's blood pressure is the immediate concern, and addressing orthostatic hypotension by instructing the client to stand up slowly is the appropriate action.

By instructing the client to stand up slowly, the nurse promotes safety and minimizes the risk of orthostatic hypotension, allowing the client to adjust to the change in position and reduce the likelihood of experiencing symptoms related to low blood pressure.

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A nurse is preparing to administer 5 units of regular insulin and 20 units of NPH insulin to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

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