A nurse is planning discharge teaching for an adolescent who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the plan?
Drink 8 oz of milk when hypoglycemia develops.
Initiate a 1,400-calorie diet daily.
Rotate the insulin injection site to a different area of the body with every other injection.
Keep unopened insulin refrigerated at 4.44° C (40° F).
The Correct Answer is D
A) Drink 8 oz of milk when hypoglycemia develops:
While consuming a fast-acting carbohydrate is important during hypoglycemia, 8 oz of milk may not be the most effective choice. Typically, glucose tablets or juice are recommended as they provide a quicker absorption of sugar into the bloodstream.
B) Initiate a 1,400-calorie diet daily:
Caloric needs should be individualized based on the adolescent’s age, weight, activity level, and overall health. A fixed 1,400-calorie diet might not be appropriate for every adolescent and could lead to insufficient energy intake or excessive restriction.
C) Rotate the insulin injection site to a different area of the body with every other injection:
While rotating injection sites is important to prevent lipodystrophy, it is generally recommended to use different sites within the same area (such as different spots on the abdomen) rather than entirely different areas of the body with each injection. This ensures consistent absorption of insulin.
D) Keep unopened insulin refrigerated at 4.44° C (40° F):
Unopened insulin should be stored in the refrigerator to maintain its potency until it is ready to be used. This temperature range ensures the insulin remains stable and effective for use.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Keep client in semi-Fowler's position with right extremity flat: Semi-Fowler's position is not optimal for a client with a compound fracture of the right tibia. Elevating the affected extremity, rather than keeping it flat, can help reduce swelling and pain.
B) Manage pain with oral opioids every 6 hr: While managing pain is crucial, oral opioids may not provide immediate relief needed in acute settings. Pain management should include a combination of strategies and may require IV analgesics for quicker relief.
C) Check capillary refill hourly for the first 24 hr: Although monitoring capillary refill is important to assess circulation, it is only one aspect of monitoring. Comprehensive assessment includes checking for signs of infection, neurovascular status, and compartment syndrome.
D) Apply a compression dressing over the fracture site: Applying a compression dressing can help control bleeding and reduce swelling. In a compound fracture, managing external bleeding and providing some stability to the fracture site are immediate priorities. However, the nurse should ensure this is done without compromising circulation and should be guided by physician orders.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Hyperreflexia:
Hyperreflexia is typically associated with low calcium levels (hypocalcemia), not elevated levels. An elevated calcium level often results in reduced neuromuscular excitability, leading to diminished reflexes rather than heightened ones.
B) Diarrhea:
Elevated calcium levels are more likely to cause constipation rather than diarrhea. Hypercalcemia often slows gastrointestinal motility, which can lead to decreased bowel movements and constipation.
C) Muscle twitching:
Muscle twitching is generally a symptom of hypocalcemia rather than hypercalcemia. Elevated calcium levels tend to depress neuromuscular activity, making muscle twitching less likely.
D) Lethargy:
Lethargy is a common symptom of hypercalcemia. High calcium levels can depress the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, confusion, and lethargy. This makes lethargy a likely finding in a client with an elevated total calcium level.
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