A nurse is planning care for a client who requires insertion of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Use a 3 ml syringe when flushing the PICC line.

Flush the PICC line with 0.9% sodium chloride after medication administration.

Expect the PICC line to be inserted into a lower extremity vein.

Monitor for a pneumothorax following insertion of the PICC line.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Use a 3 ml syringe when flushing the PICC line:
Using a 3 ml syringe for flushing is not recommended. Smaller syringes generate higher pressure, which can damage the catheter. Instead, a 10 ml syringe is typically used to flush PICC lines to ensure safe pressure levels.
B) Flush the PICC line with 0.9% sodium chloride after medication administration:
Flushing the PICC line with 0.9% sodium chloride after medication administration is standard practice. It helps clear the line of any residual medication, preventing drug interactions and ensuring the line remains patent.
C) Expect the PICC line to be inserted into a lower extremity vein:
PICC lines are typically inserted into veins in the upper extremities, such as the basilic, brachial, or cephalic veins, rather than lower extremity veins. This positioning reduces the risk of complications and allows for better access and care.
D) Monitor for a pneumothorax following insertion of the PICC line:
Monitoring for a pneumothorax is not typically necessary following PICC line insertion. Pneumothorax is a potential complication of central venous catheter placements involving the subclavian or jugular veins, not the peripheral veins used for PICC lines. Instead, complications like infection, thrombosis, and catheter occlusion are more relevant concerns.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Soiled cat litter:
Soiled cat litter can contain Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite that can cause severe infections in individuals with HIV or other immunocompromised conditions. The parasite can lead to opportunistic infections, including encephalitis. Therefore, it is crucial for clients with HIV to avoid handling soiled cat litter to prevent potential infection.

B) Scrambled eggs:
Scrambled eggs, when cooked properly, are generally safe for individuals with HIV. They do not pose a high risk of infection if handled and prepared with good hygiene practices. However, it is important to ensure that eggs are fully cooked to avoid risks related to other pathogens like Salmonella.

C) Pasteurized milk:
Pasteurized milk is safe for individuals with HIV. Pasteurization kills harmful bacteria and pathogens, making it a lower-risk option for those with compromised immune systems. It is recommended to avoid unpasteurized milk, which can pose a risk of infection.

D) Electric razor:
An electric razor is generally safe and does not pose an infection risk. It is preferable over manual razors for individuals with HIV as it reduces the risk of cuts and abrasions that could lead to infections.

A. Place the client on a low-carbohydrate diet. B. Monitor the client's calorie intake daily. C. Place the client on strict bed rest. D. Weigh the client once per week.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Place the client on a low-carbohydrate diet:
A low-carbohydrate diet is not appropriate for a client with full-thickness burns, as their nutritional needs are significantly increased due to the high metabolic demands of wound healing. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is usually recommended to support recovery and manage the increased energy expenditure associated with burn injuries.

B) Monitor the client's calorie intake daily:
Daily monitoring of calorie intake is crucial for clients with significant burn injuries. Burns increase metabolic demands, and the client’s nutritional needs must be closely tracked to ensure adequate caloric and protein intake, which is essential for wound healing and overall recovery. Regular monitoring helps adjust dietary needs as required.

C) Place the client on strict bed rest:
Strict bed rest is not indicated for clients with burns, as mobility and physical therapy are important for maintaining muscle strength and preventing complications like contractures. While rest is important, a balanced approach involving gradual mobilization is preferred to support functional recovery.

D) Weigh the client once per week:
Weekly weighing may not be frequent enough for clients with burn injuries, as their weight can fluctuate significantly due to changes in fluid status and nutritional needs. More frequent monitoring is necessary to ensure that the client is receiving adequate nutrition and to assess their overall progress.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who requires insertion of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

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