A nurse is evaluating a client's laboratory results. The nurse should recognize that which of the following results places the client at risk for coronary heart disease?

HbA1c 5%

Fasting glucose 140 mg/dL

LDL 64 mg/dL

Total cholesterol 173 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart. Several risk factors contribute to the development of CHD, including high blood glucose levels, high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high total cholesterol levels.

HbA1c 5%: HbA1c is a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. A level of 5% is within the target range for individuals without diabetes and indicates good glycemic control. It does not place the client at risk for CHD.

Fasting glucose 140 mg/dL: Fasting glucose levels above 126 mg/dL are considered diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. A level of 140 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia and suggests impaired glucose metabolism, which is a risk factor for CHD.

LDL 64 mg/dL: LDL cholesterol is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, as elevated levels are associated with an increased risk of CHD. A level of 64 mg/dL is within the desirable range and does not place the client at risk for CHD.

Total cholesterol 173 mg/dL: Total cholesterol levels below 200 mg/dL are generally considered desirable. A level of 173 mg/dL is within the desirable range and does not place the client at risk for CHD.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

When educating the parent about the importance of maintaining water intake to prevent dehydration, recommending foods with high water content can be helpful. Among the options given, broccoli has the highest percentage of water content.

Here's the approximate percentage of water content in each food:
● Cheddar cheese: Cheddar cheese has a low water content, approximately 36%.
● Whole-wheat bread: Whole-wheat bread contains a moderate amount of water, usually around 35-40%.
● Almonds: Almonds have a relatively low water content, approximately 4-6%.
● Broccoli: Broccoli is a vegetable with a high water content, usually around 90-91%.

WATER-RICH FOODS

A. "Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week." B. "A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception." C. "Serum bilirubin should be monitored one to two times per month during pregnancy." D. "Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited metabolic disorder in which the body cannot properly process an amino acid called phenylalanine. If left untreated, phenylalanine can build up to harmful levels in the body, leading to intellectual disability and other health problems. Managing PKU involves following a strict low-phenylalanine diet.

When discussing anticipatory guidance for a client with PKU who is planning a pregnancy, it is important to focus on monitoring the maternal phenylalanine levels during pregnancy. Serum bilirubin is not directly related to PKU management and would not require specific monitoring in this context.

Regarding the other options:

"Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week": While it is generally advisable to limit the consumption of diet sodas due to their artificial sweeteners, this statement does not directly relate to PKU management or pregnancy planning.

"A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception": A low-protein diet is a fundamental aspect of managing PKU. However, the timeline mentioned (3 months prior to conception) is not supported by current guidelines. PKU management should be ongoing and tailored to the individual's needs, with dietary adjustments made as necessary throughout pregnancy.

"Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU": This statement is incorrect. Breast milk naturally contains phenylalanine, which could be harmful to an infant with PKU. Infants with PKU must receive a specialized formula that is low in phenylalanine from birth. Breastfeeding is not recommended for infants with PKU unless specifically guided by a healthcare professional.

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A nurse is evaluating a client's laboratory results. The nurse should recognize that which of the following results places the client at risk for coronary heart disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating the parent of a school-age child about the importance of maintaining water intake to prevent dehydration. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend as containing the greatest percentage of water?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in a long-term care facility is implementing a nutrition plan for a client who is at risk for malnutrition. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.)

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