A nurse is educating a client who has hepatitis A on how to prevent the spread of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?
Avoid serving raw foods.
Wear barrier protection during vaginal intercourse.
Avoid eating at fast food restaurants.
Practice effective hand hygiene.
Correct Answer : A,D
Choice A rationale
Hepatitis A is a highly contagious virus that spreads through person-to-person contact or consuming contaminated food or drink. The virus can contaminate food during growing, harvesting, processing, handling, and even after cooking. Therefore, avoiding serving raw foods can help prevent the spread of the virus.
Choice B rationale
Hepatitis A is not typically spread through sexual intercourse. It is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, either by person-to-person contact or consumption of contaminated food or water. Therefore, wearing barrier protection during vaginal intercourse is not a primary prevention strategy for Hepatitis A.
Choice C rationale
While it’s possible to contract Hepatitis A from food prepared at any location, including fast food restaurants, the risk is not specifically associated with these establishments. The key is whether the food is contaminated with the virus, which can occur in any setting if food is handled by someone infected with Hepatitis A who doesn’t properly wash their hands after using the toilet.
Choice D rationale
Practicing effective hand hygiene, including thoroughly washing hands after using the bathroom, changing diapers, and before preparing or eating food, is a primary prevention strategy for Hepatitis A1. The virus is spread in part by the fecal-oral route, so good hand hygiene can help prevent ingestion of the virus.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing discomfort. Certain lifestyle habits and diet can trigger or worsen GERD symptoms. Alcohol and caffeine are among the substances that can aggravate
GERD123. They can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. Therefore, reducing or avoiding alcohol and caffeine can help manage GERD symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause or worsen GERD symptoms. It can irritate the esophagus and stomach lining, leading to heartburn and other GERD symptoms. Therefore, it’s not advisable to take aspirin if you have GERD12.
Choice C rationale
While it’s important to avoid mercury-containing foods due to their potential health risks, there’s no specific link between these foods and GERD12. GERD is primarily triggered by foods that relax the lower esophageal sphincter, cause stomach distension, or irritate the esophagus. Mercury-containing foods do not fall into these categories.
Choice D rationale
Lying down after eating can indeed increase the onset of GERD123. When you lie down, it’s easier for stomach acid to backflow into the esophagus. This is why it’s recommended to wait at least 2-3 hours after eating before lying down.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hepatitis C is not spread through inhalation. It is a bloodborne virus that is most commonly spread through direct contact with the blood of an infected person.
Choice B rationale
While it is possible for hepatitis C to be spread through semen, this is less common. The risk is higher for men who have sex with men, especially if they are also infected with HIV6.
Choice C rationale
Hepatitis C is not spread through feces. It is a bloodborne virus that is most commonly spread through direct contact with the blood of an infected person.
Choice D rationale
Hepatitis C is primarily spread through blood. This can occur through sharing needles, syringes, or other equipment to inject drugs, or through needle-stick injuries among healthcare workers.
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