A nurse is caring for a patient in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the patient?

“A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for stomach cancer.”.

“A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for GERD.”.

“A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for lung disease.”.

“A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for intestinal cancer.”.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
While a hiatal hernia can cause discomfort and other symptoms, it does not directly increase the risk for stomach cancer.
Choice B rationale
A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). This is because the hernia can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to malfunction, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus, which is the main cause of GERD1.
Choice C rationale

A hiatal hernia does not directly increase the risk for lung disease. However, if the hernia is large, it could potentially cause breathing difficulties or exacerbate existing respiratory conditions.
Choice D rationale
A hiatal hernia does not increase the risk for intestinal cancer. The hernia occurs in the diaphragm, which is separate from the intestines.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs). High blood sugar levels can impair the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. Additionally, diabetes can cause nerve damage that affects the bladder’s ability to empty completely, allowing bacteria to grow.
Choice B rationale
Anemia itself is not a direct risk factor for UTIs. Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, which does not contribute to the development of UTIs.
Choice C rationale
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) primarily affects the lungs and does not increase the risk of UTIs. COPD can make it harder to breathe, but it does not have a direct impact on the urinary system.

Choice D rationale
Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It does not increase the risk of UTIs. Osteoporosis and UTIs are not directly related as they affect different systems within the body.

A. Decreases the water content of the skin B. Causes an error in the skin’s genetic code C. Increases in blood flow to the skin D. Causes degeneration of elastic fibers in skin tissue.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While chronic exposure to UV rays can cause skin dryness, it does not decrease the water content of the skin20. Skin dryness is more of a symptom rather than a risk factor for skin cancer20.

Choice B rationale
Chronic exposure to UV rays can cause an error in the skin’s genetic code20. This can lead to the development of skin cancer, as the damaged DNA can lead to uncontrolled cell growth20.
Choice C rationale
Increased blood flow to the skin is not a direct result of chronic exposure to UV rays20. While UV rays can cause skin redness and inflammation, these are not directly linked to an increased risk of skin cancer20.
Choice D rationale
Chronic exposure to UV rays does not cause degeneration of elastic fibers in skin tissue20. While UV rays can cause skin aging and wrinkles, these are not direct risk factors for skin cancer20. Diabetic retinopathyDiabetic retinopathy Explore

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A nurse is caring for a patient in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the patient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

What effect does chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays have on the skin that increases the risk for skin cancer?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient who continues to have issues with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements provides the best preventative health care education for this patient?

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has hypertension, which has resulted in a transient ischemic attack (TIA). What information regarding blood pressure (BP) management should the nurse discuss with the client?

A nurse admits a patient to the emergency department who reports nausea and vomiting that worsens when he lies down. Antacids do not help. The provider suspects acute pancreatitis. Which of the following laboratory test results should the nurse expect to see?

A nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver. Which of the following statements should be included in the education materials?

A nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with hepatitis. Which nurse response best explains how a person can contract the virus?

A nurse is educating a patient who has been prescribed a nasogastric tube (NG) to treat a pyloric obstruction. Which of the following reasons for the use of the nasogastric tube should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is caring for an elderly patient with significant ascites due to end-stage liver disease. Which of the following precautions should the nurse include in the patient’s care plan?

A nurse is educating a patient who has long-term symptoms of GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the educational materials?