A nurse is educating a client about pain management with opioids. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Diarrhea is a common adverse effect of opioids.

Opioids can increase urinary output.

Long-term use of opioids may cause dependence.

Tolerance to opioids will require a decreased dose.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Diarrhea is a common adverse effect of opioids. This statement is incorrect. Opioids commonly cause constipation, not diarrhea, as they slow down gastrointestinal motility.
B. Opioids can increase urinary output. This statement is incorrect. Opioids can actually cause urinary retention rather than increasing urinary output.
C. Long-term use of opioids may cause dependence. This statement is correct. Long-term use of opioids can lead to physical dependence, where the body adapts to the drug, and withdrawal symptoms occur if the drug is abruptly discontinued.
D. Tolerance to opioids will require a decreased dose. This statement is incorrect. Tolerance to opioids means that over time, higher doses of the drug are needed to achieve the same level of pain relief, not a decreased dose.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Propafenone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat irregular heartbeats. It is not used to treat vomiting and would not be appropriate for this client.
B. Prochlorperazine is an antiemetic medication commonly used to treat severe nausea and vomiting. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which helps reduce the urge to vomit.
C. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication used to manage blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. It is not used to treat vomiting and would not be appropriate for this client.
D. Simvastatin is a lipid-lowering medication used to manage high cholesterol levels. It is not used to treat vomiting and would not be appropriate for this client.

A. Vomiting 30 mL of fluid B. Blood pressure 90/60 mm Hg C. Respirations deep at a rate of 10/min D. Urinary output of 20 mL within 1 hr

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Vomiting 30 mL of fluid. This finding is not the priority because while vomiting can be a side effect of morphine, it is not immediately life-threatening.
B. Blood pressure 90/60 mm Hg. This finding is concerning but not the priority. Morphine can cause hypotension, but the primary concern with morphine administration is respiratory depression.
C. Respirations deep at a rate of 10/min. This finding is the priority because morphine can cause respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening. Monitoring and addressing respiratory status is critical when administering opioids.
D. Urinary output of 20 mL within 1 hr. This finding is concerning but not the priority. Low urinary output can indicate dehydration or renal issues, but respiratory depression is the most immediate concern with morphine administration.

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A nurse is educating a client about pain management with opioids. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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