A nurse is discussing complementary therapies with a group of clients. The nurse should identify that massage therapy is indicated for the treatment of which of the following mental health disorders?

A. Collect 2 mL of sputum in an emesis basin: Sputum should be collected directly into a sterile container, not an emesis basin, to prevent contamination and ensure accurate culture results. Using a nonsterile basin can introduce oral flora and compromise the validity of the specimen.

B. Instruct the client to rinse with an antiseptic mouthwash prior to specimen collection: Antiseptic mouthwash can kill microorganisms in the oral cavity and potentially reduce the yield of pathogenic organisms in the sputum culture. Clients should rinse with plain water instead to reduce contamination without affecting the specimen.

C. Swab the oropharynx with a sterile swab: Swabbing the oropharynx collects saliva and mucosal cells rather than lower respiratory secretions, which may not accurately represent the causative pathogen in pneumonia or other lower respiratory infections. A deep cough specimen is preferred.

D. Refrigerate the specimen until the time of transport to the laboratory: Sputum specimens should be stored in a refrigerator if there is any delay in transport to the laboratory. Refrigeration slows bacterial overgrowth, preserves the integrity of the specimen, and ensures accurate culture and sensitivity results.

A. Cleanse the perineal area from back to front: Perineal hygiene after delivery should be performed from front to back to prevent transfer of gastrointestinal flora, such as Escherichia coli, to the episiotomy site or urinary tract. Cleansing from back to front increases the risk of wound contamination and postpartum infection.

B. Wash the perineal area with povidone-iodine twice daily: Routine use of antiseptic solutions such as povidone-iodine is not recommended for standard episiotomy care. These solutions can irritate healing tissue and disrupt normal skin flora. Gentle cleansing with warm water using a peri-bottle after voiding or defecation is typically advised.

C. Change the perineal pad with each void: Lochia provides a moist environment that can promote bacterial growth and increase infection risk at the episiotomy site. Changing the perineal pad frequently, especially after each void, helps maintain dryness, reduce bacterial proliferation, and support wound healing.

D. Wipe the perineal area with a soft towel: The perineal area should be gently patted dry rather than wiped to avoid mechanical trauma to the sutured episiotomy site. Wiping can place tension on the sutures and disrupt tissue approximation during the early stages of healing.