A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with constipation. Which nursing interventions should be included in planning? (Select all that apply).

On a regular schedule around the clock. This is because when pain is present for more than 12 hours a day, analgesic dosages are best administered around the clock rather than on an as-needed basis.

Choice A is wrong because waiting for the client to exhibit physiologic symptoms of pain may delay the administration of analgesics and cause unnecessary suffering. Physiologic symptoms of pain are not always reliable indicators of pain intensity or quality.

Choice B is wrong because administering analgesics prior to painful activities may not provide adequate pain relief throughout the day. Painful activities may vary depending on the client’s condition and preferences.

Choice D is wrong because relying on the client’s request may not ensure optimal pain management. Some clients may be reluctant to ask for analgesics due to fear of addiction, side effects, or being perceived as weak.

Orient the client to the arrangement of the room to promote independence. This strategy helps the client who is blind to navigate the environment safely and confidently. It also shows respect for the client’s autonomy and dignity.

Choice A is wrong because speaking loudly is not necessary for a client who is blind, unless they also have hearing impairment. Speaking loudly may imply that the client is less intelligent or capable, which is not true.

Choice B is wrong because touching the client prior to speaking may startle or frighten them. It is better to identify oneself verbally and ask for permission before touching the client.

Choice D is wrong because keeping the bed in the highest position may increase the risk of injury if the client tries to get out of bed alone. It also restricts the client’s mobility and independence, which may affect their self-esteem and quality of life.