A nurse is completing dietary teaching with a client who has the inflammatory bowel disorder ulcerative colitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I should choose cold foods over warm foods."

"I should follow a low-protein diet."

"I should increase my fiber intake to 35 grams a day."

"I should eat small, frequent meals throughout the day."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) "I should choose cold foods over warm foods.": Cold foods are not necessarily better than warm foods for someone with ulcerative colitis. The choice of temperature depends on individual tolerance, but there is no specific recommendation that cold foods are preferable. Warm, easily digestible foods can also be soothing and well-tolerated.

B) "I should follow a low-protein diet.": This is not an accurate recommendation for ulcerative colitis. Protein is essential for healing and maintaining muscle mass, especially if the client is experiencing malnutrition or weight loss due to the disease. A balanced diet with adequate protein is important for overall health.

C) "I should increase my fiber intake to 35 grams a day.": High fiber intake can be problematic for those with active ulcerative colitis as it may increase symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea. It is often recommended to limit fiber intake during flare-ups and focus on low-residue diets to reduce bowel activity.

D) "I should eat small, frequent meals throughout the day.": This is a recommended approach for managing ulcerative colitis. Small, frequent meals can help ensure adequate nutrient intake without overwhelming the digestive system, which can help manage symptoms and improve overall comfort.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Administer dantrolene sodium IV: Dantrolene sodium is the treatment of choice for malignant hyperthermia. It acts as a muscle relaxant by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscles, which helps to halt the hypermetabolic crisis.

B) Monitor client for rapid decrease in heart rate: While monitoring vital signs is essential, a rapid decrease in heart rate is not a typical manifestation of malignant hyperthermia. The nurse should primarily focus on interventions to reduce hyperthermia and stabilize the client's condition.

C) Infuse chilled lactated Ringer's IV: Infusing chilled IV fluids can help lower the body temperature in malignant hyperthermia. However, this intervention is supportive and secondary to the administration of dantrolene sodium, which directly addresses the underlying pathophysiology.

D) Provide oxygen at 12 L/min via Venturi mask: Providing high-flow oxygen is necessary to manage hypoxia and metabolic acidosis associated with malignant hyperthermia. Nonetheless, this action is secondary to administering dantrolene sodium, which is crucial to stopping the hyperthermic crisis.

A. "Tilt the spirometer toward yourself so you can see the balls rise." B. "Inhale deeply and hold each breath for a minimum of 10 seconds." C. "Exhale before sealing your lips around the mouthpiece." D. "Use your incentive spirometer every 4 hours while you are awake."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) "Tilt the spirometer toward yourself so you can see the balls rise": Tilting the spirometer is not necessary and may affect its accuracy. The spirometer should be held in an upright position to ensure correct measurement of inhalation.

B) "Inhale deeply and hold each breath for a minimum of 10 seconds": Inhaling deeply is important, but holding each breath for 10 seconds is not a typical recommendation for using an incentive spirometer. The goal is to inhale deeply and slowly, without necessarily holding the breath for an extended period.

C) "Exhale before sealing your lips around the mouthpiece": Exhaling before using the spirometer is not recommended. The correct procedure involves inhaling deeply and slowly after sealing your lips around the mouthpiece to ensure accurate measurement and effective lung expansion.

D) "Use your incentive spirometer every 4 hours while you are awake": Frequent use of the incentive spirometer, often every hour while awake, is recommended to improve lung function and prevent complications such as atelectasis. Using it every 4 hours may not be sufficient for effective respiratory therapy.

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A nurse is completing dietary teaching with a client who has the inflammatory bowel disorder ulcerative colitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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