A nurse is collecting data from the guardian of a toddler during a well-child visit. The guardian expresses concern to the nurse because his child has a poor appetite, but drinks a quart of milk each day. The nurse should identify that this practice places the toddler at risk for which of the following conditions?

Celiac disease

Lactose intolerance

Acute renal failure

Iron-deficiency anemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Celiac disease: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion that damages the small intestine and impairs nutrient absorption. While it can cause poor appetite and growth issues, high milk intake alone does not cause or increase the risk for celiac disease. Diagnosis is based on genetic susceptibility and gluten exposure, not dietary patterns.

B. Lactose intolerance: Lactose intolerance results from deficiency of lactase, leading to diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal discomfort after dairy consumption. Drinking large amounts of milk may exacerbate symptoms if the child is lactose intolerant, but intolerance is not caused solely by high milk intake.

C. Acute renal failure: Acute renal failure is typically caused by severe dehydration, infection, toxins, or obstruction and is not related to high milk intake in a toddler. Daily consumption of milk, even in large quantities, does not precipitate acute renal failure in a healthy child.

D. Iron-deficiency anemia: Excessive milk intake can displace iron-rich foods from the toddler’s diet and interfere with iron absorption, increasing the risk for iron-deficiency anemia. Milk is low in iron, and consuming more than 24 ounces per day can contribute to inadequate dietary iron intake and subsequent anemia in toddlers.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Sickle-cell anemia: Clients with sickle-cell anemia who are not actively infected do not pose an infectious risk, making them suitable roommates for an immunocompromised client receiving chemotherapy. Cohorting noninfectious clients together minimizes exposure to pathogens while allowing safe shared accommodations.

B. Herpes zoster: Active shingles (herpes zoster) is contagious, particularly to immunocompromised individuals. Sharing a room would place the client with Hodgkin’s disease at high risk for contracting a serious infection, which could lead to severe complications.

C. Community-acquired pneumonia: Pneumonia can be caused by bacteria or viruses and is transmissible through respiratory droplets. Placing an immunocompromised client with a person who has pneumonia increases the risk of infection, so it is not appropriate for room sharing.

D. Viral meningitis: Viral meningitis is contagious, and an immunocompromised client is highly susceptible to infection. Cohorting with a client who has viral meningitis would put the client with Hodgkin’s disease at significant risk for acquiring the illness.

A. "You can use an eyebrow pencil to fill in your eyebrows." B. "I lost my hair, too, when I went through chemotherapy." C. "Before you know it, your hair will grow back." D. "You should focus on getting better."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "You can use an eyebrow pencil to fill in your eyebrows.": This statement provides practical, supportive guidance that empowers the client to manage visible effects of chemotherapy. Offering concrete strategies for coping with hair loss helps maintain self-esteem and promotes a sense of control during treatment.

B. "I lost my hair, too, when I went through chemotherapy.": Sharing personal experiences can sometimes foster connection, but it may shift focus away from the client’s feelings and minimize their individual emotional response. The priority is validating the client’s concerns rather than centering the nurse’s experiences.

C. "Before you know it, your hair will grow back.": While hair regrowth is expected after chemotherapy, this statement may unintentionally dismiss the client’s current distress. It does not address the emotional impact of hair loss in the present moment.

D. "You should focus on getting better.": This directive can be perceived as dismissive and minimizes the client’s emotional experience. It fails to acknowledge the psychosocial impact of chemotherapy side effects and does not offer supportive guidance.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has Hodgkin's disease and is receiving chemotherapy. Because a private room is not available, the nurse should recommend that the client share a room with a client who has which of the following diagnoses?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer and states they are upset about their hair loss. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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