A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who was admitted with heart failure. The nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider as an indication of delirium?

Demonstrates obsessive behaviors

Fluctuating level of orientation

Family report of gradual memory loss

Consistent state of depression

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Obsessive behaviors, such as repetitive actions or fixations on specific thoughts or tasks, can be indicative of delirium. Delirium often manifests with altered behavior patterns that are unusual for the individual, including obsessive or compulsive-like behaviors that are not typical of their baseline mental status. However, this is not specific to delirium.
B.   Fluctuating orientation, where the client is sometimes alert and oriented and at other times confused or disoriented, is a hallmark of delirium. Unlike dementia, which typically presents with a more steady decline in cognitive function, delirium is characterized by rapid changes in mental status over hours to days. This fluctuation is important to note as it strongly suggests delirium rather than other chronic cognitive impairments.
C.   Gradual memory loss reported by family members is more suggestive of chronic conditions such as dementia rather than delirium. Delirium, in contrast, is characterized by acute onset and fluctuating course rather than a gradual decline in cognitive abilities over time.
D.   Depression can coexist with delirium, but a consistent state of depression without acute changes in mental status is less indicative of delirium. Delirium is characterized by rapid changes in cognition and behavior rather than a persistent mood disorder. Therefore, while depression should be assessed and managed appropriately, it is not typically a sign of delirium unless there are acute changes in mental status accompanying it.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This is not typically associated with antisocial personality disorder. People with ASPD often exhibit a lack of remorse and guilt, and they may be prone to impulsive and risk-taking behaviors rather than excessive anxiety.
B. Exploitation of others is a hallmark feature of antisocial personality disorder. Individuals with ASPD may manipulate, exploit, or deceive others for personal gain without regard for others' feelings or rights.
C. Withdrawn behaviors, where individuals tend to isolate themselves or avoid social interactions, are not characteristic of antisocial personality disorder. In fact, individuals with ASPD tend to be socially charming and may seek out social situations to manipulate or exploit others.
D. Blunted affect refers to a reduced emotional expression, which is not typically a prominent feature of antisocial personality disorder. Individuals with ASPD may exhibit superficial charm and can be engaging, although they may lack empathy or genuine emotional responsiveness.

A. Currently married B. Alcohol use disorder C. Sibling history of suicide D. Access to guns in the home E. Terminal liver cancer

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Being married is generally considered a protective factor against suicide. Married individuals often have social support and a sense of belonging, which can reduce suicide risk. Therefore, this would not be identified as a risk factor for suicide.
B. Alcohol use disorder is a significant risk factor for suicide. Alcohol can impair judgment, increase impulsivity, and exacerbate underlying mental health issues. It is associated with higher rates of suicidal ideation and attempts.
C. Family history of suicide, including among siblings, is a known risk factor. Exposure to suicide within the family can contribute to feelings of hopelessness, increase perceived acceptability of suicide, and impact mental health negatively.
D. Access to firearms is a well-established risk factor for completed suicide. Firearms are highly lethal, and their presence increases the likelihood of a fatal suicide attempt compared to other means.
E. Terminal illness, including conditions like terminal liver cancer, can contribute to feelings of hopelessness and despair, potentially increasing suicide risk. The distress related to the prognosis and physical symptoms can exacerbate mental health issues.

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A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who was admitted with heart failure. The nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider as an indication of delirium?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data for a health history from a client who has antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following clinical findings is associated with this disorder?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in a mental health clinic is collecting data from a client to determine the client's risk for suicide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for suicide? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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