A nurse is caring for an infant who has heart failure and is formula-fed. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate to meet the infant's nutritional needs?
Feed the infant at the first sign of hunger.
Use a firm nipple on the bottle when feeding.
Dilute the formula with water to half strength.
Thicken the formula with 1 tsp of rice cereal per ounce.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Infants with HF tire easily; feeding them early, before they are overly fatigued and crying, conserves energy and helps them take in more nutrition. Smaller, more frequent feedings are often recommended.
B. A firm nipple may require more effort to suck, which can be tiring for an infant with heart failure. A softer nipple may be more appropriate.
C. Diluting the formula with water can lead to inadequate caloric intake and nutritional deficiencies. Formula should be prepared according to instructions to ensure proper nutrition.
D. Thickened feeds are sometimes used for reflux, not HF. Adding cereal increases caloric intake but also makes sucking/swallowing more difficult, increasing energy expenditure.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Mixing medication in a bottle of formula is not recommended as the infant may not finish the entire bottle, leading to incomplete dosage. It also changes the taste of the formula, which may cause feeding aversions.
B. Honey should not be given to infants under 1 year old due to the risk of botulism. It is not a suitable medium for mixing medication for young infants.
C. Placing the medication in an oral syringe allows for precise dosing and easy administration. It ensures that the infant receives the correct amount of medication.
D. Placing the medication in the back of the infant's throat using a dropper can cause gagging and aspiration. An oral syringe allows for better control and safer administration.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Antibiotics are not effective against influenza, which is a viral infection. Antiviral medications may be used if prescribed.
B. Implementing droplet precautions helps to prevent the spread of the influenza virus, which is transmitted through respiratory droplets.
C. Chest physiotherapy is not typically indicated for influenza unless there are complications like pneumonia that require it.
D. Gamma globulin is not used for treating influenza type B. Antiviral medications and supportive care are the standard treatments.
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