A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute otitis media and a new prescription for clindamycin. Which of the following findings indicates the child is experiencing an allergic reaction to the medication?
Urticaria.
Conjunctivitis.
Temperature 38°C (100.4°F).
Cool extremities.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin rash characterized by raised, red, and itchy welts that can vary in size and shape. It is a classic manifestation of an allergic reaction. Allergic reactions can occur in response to medications like clindamycin. Urticaria is a result of histamine release and can range from mild to severe, with itching being a prominent symptom. The appearance of urticaria in a child taking clindamycin suggests a potential allergic reaction to the medication.
Choice B rationale:
Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inner surface of the eyelids. While conjunctivitis can be associated with allergies, it is not a typical sign of an allergic reaction to clindamycin. Conjunctivitis is more commonly associated with eye irritation, redness, and discharge.
Choice C rationale:
A temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) alone is not a definitive sign of an allergic reaction to medication. Fever can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, inflammatory processes, and other non-allergic reactions. While fever can be a symptom of an allergic reaction in some cases, it is not as specific as urticaria in indicating an allergic response.
Choice D rationale:
Cool extremities are not a classic sign of an allergic reaction to medication. Allergic reactions typically involve skin manifestations like hives, itching, and redness. Cool extremities might suggest poor peripheral circulation or decreased blood flow to the extremities, but they are not directly indicative of an allergic reaction to clindamycin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The Rotavirus vaccine is typically administered to infants, usually starting at 2 months of age, to protect against severe diarrhea and vomiting caused by rotavirus infection. However, the child in question is 11 years old, and the rotavirus vaccine is not recommended for administration at this age. The vaccine's protection window is within the infant and early childhood period, and the child would likely have received this vaccine earlier.
Choice B rationale:
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Hib vaccine is recommended as a series of doses to protect against Haemophilus influenzae type B infection, which can lead to severe illnesses like meningitis and pneumonia. While the child may have received this vaccine in infancy, a booster dose is often recommended around age 11 to ensure ongoing protection. This choice is correct for the given age group.
Choice C rationale:
Hepatitis A Hepatitis A vaccine is typically administered in two doses, with the first dose given at age 1 and the second dose administered at least 6 months later. The child in question is 11 years old, and assuming the child received the vaccine as per the standard schedule, there would be no need to administer this vaccine again.
Choice D rationale:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) HPV vaccine is recommended for adolescents to protect against several strains of the human papillomavirus that can lead to various cancers later in life. It's usually administered in a series of doses starting around age 11 or 12. However, the prompt states that the child is already up-to-date with current immunizations, and if the child received the HPV vaccine at the appropriate age, there would be no need for another dose at this time.
Correct Answer is ["A"]
Explanation
It is essential for the nurse to stay with the client in this situation. The client's presentation indicates manic behavior, which can be associated with bipolar disorder. Manic episodes can lead to increased energy levels, decreased need for sleep, agitation, and impulsivity. The client's refusal to sit down, pacing, and becoming agitated when asked questions all indicate potential risk to themselves or others. Staying with the client ensures their safety and the safety of others in the environment. The nurse can provide verbal support, prevent potential harm, and de-escalate the situation if needed.
Placing the client in a room close to the nurses' station might be helpful for monitoring and quick assistance, but it doesn't directly address the client's immediate agitation and need for supervision. The priority in this scenario is to ensure the client's safety, which can be achieved by staying with them.
Offering the client a caffeinated beverage is not appropriate in this situation. Caffeine can exacerbate agitation and restlessness, potentially worsening the client's symptoms. It's important to provide a calm and supportive environment instead.
Weighing the client daily is not relevant to the current situation. The client's agitation and need for supervision take precedence over routine assessments like daily weight measurement.
Offering the client finger foods is also not appropriate in this situation. The client's behavior and presentation suggest a manic episode, and their agitation indicates that they are not in a state to engage in eating. Ensuring safety and providing emotional support are the immediate priorities.
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