A nurse is caring for a patient who is a long-term smoker and is in the early stages of COPD.

The patient expresses interest in quitting smoking and has been asking about smoking cessation aids. The nurse interprets this as which stage of Lewin’s Change Theory?

Unfreezing

Moving

Action

Refreezing .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Unfreezing is the first stage of Lewin’s Change Theory. It involves overcoming resistance to change and preparing for the upcoming change. In this case, the patient expressing interest in quitting smoking and asking about smoking cessation aids indicates that they are in the unfreezing stage.
Choice B rationale
Moving is the second stage of Lewin’s Change Theory. It involves taking the necessary steps towards change.
Choice C rationale
The term “Action” is not recognized as a stage in Lewin’s Change Theory.
Choice D rationale
Refreezing is the final stage of Lewin’s Change Theory. It involves establishing the change as a new habit, so it becomes the "norm"4.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
It is a common practice for nurses to assess a patient’s respirations without explicitly stating so. This is because patients may alter their breathing pattern if they know it’s being observed.
Choice B rationale
Auscultating heart sounds using the bell of the stethoscope is a standard practice in nursing. The bell of the stethoscope is used specifically to listen to low-frequency sounds such as heart murmurs.
Choice C rationale
Assessing both carotid pulse sites at the same time is dangerous and should be avoided. This action can lead to reduced blood flow to the brain, possibly causing the patient to faint or experience a decrease in cerebral blood flow.
Choice D rationale
Cleaning the stethoscope between patient assessments is a recommended practice to prevent the spread of infections.

A. Discrimination. B. Ethnocentrism. C. Stereotyping. D. Acculturation.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. In this case, the physician is refusing to use a translator and only provides materials in English to patients who may not understand the language. This action can be seen as discriminatory because it denies these patients the same level of care that English-speaking patients receive.
Choice B rationale
Ethnocentrism is the belief in the inherent superiority of one’s own ethnic group or culture. While the physician’s actions may seem ethnocentric, as they are not considering the cultural needs of their patients, the scenario does not provide enough information to definitively label the behavior as such.
Choice C rationale
Stereotyping involves generalized and oversimplified beliefs about a particular group. The physician’s actions do not necessarily indicate that they are stereotyping their patients, but rather that they are not providing equitable care.
Choice D rationale
Acculturation is the process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group. The physician’s actions do not demonstrate acculturation. Instead, they show a lack of willingness to accommodate the cultural and linguistic needs of their patients.

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A nurse is caring for a patient who is a long-term smoker and is in the early stages of COPD. The patient expresses interest in quitting smoking and has been asking about smoking cessation aids. The nurse interprets this as which stage of Lewin’s Change Theory?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following actions by the new nurse requires immediate intervention by the experienced nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is working at a clinic that assists minority patients. The nurse notes that the physician refuses to use a translator and gives the patients materials only in English. The nurse notes that the physician is guilty of which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is conducting a medication count of narcotics in the cart. The nurse discovers an incorrect count and missing narcotic medication. Which ethical standard compels the nurse to report the missing medication?

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What events take place during systole? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a patient who is a long-term smoker and is in the early stages of COPD.

The patient expresses interest in quitting smoking and has been asking about smoking cessation aids. The nurse interprets this as which stage of Lewin’s Change Theory?