A nurse is caring for a client who taking benztropine to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report which of the following side effects of benztropine?

Bradycardia

Excess salivation

Urinary retention

Diarrhea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Bradycardia:
Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to manage the symptoms of Parkinson's disease by blocking the action of acetylcholine. While anticholinergic medications can affect heart rate, bradycardia is not a common side effect of benztropine. In fact, benztropine may have the opposite effect, potentially causing tachycardia (increased heart rate).

B) Excess salivation:
Excessive salivation is typically a symptom of Parkinson's disease itself, due to difficulty swallowing, rather than a side effect of benztropine. In fact, benztropine, as an anticholinergic agent, generally reduces salivation (anticholinergic effect), so this side effect is unlikely to occur with benztropine therapy.

C) Urinary retention:
Benztropine, being an anticholinergic drug, can inhibit the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors in the bladder, leading to urinary retention. This is a common and serious side effect of anticholinergic drugs like benztropine. Urinary retention can lead to discomfort, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and kidney problems if not addressed.

D) Diarrhea:
Benztropine is more likely to cause constipation rather than diarrhea due to its anticholinergic effects. Anticholinergic medications often slow down gastrointestinal motility, leading to constipation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) A corticosteroid such as fluticasone:
While corticosteroids, such as fluticasone, are effective for managing chronic asthma and preventing inflammation over time, they are not the first-line treatment during an acute asthma attack. Corticosteroids are typically used for long-term control and maintenance therapy, not for rapid relief of symptoms in an acute exacerbation. Immediate relief is needed in acute situations, which corticosteroids alone do not provide.

B) A long-acting beta 2 agonist such as salmeterol:
Long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABAs), such as salmeterol, are used for maintenance therapy to prevent asthma attacks and should not be used for the immediate treatment of an acute asthma exacerbation. They take longer to start working, and their role is to provide prolonged bronchodilation over time, not to relieve sudden bronchoconstriction.

C) A short-acting beta 2 agonist such as albuterol:
During an acute asthma attack, the immediate goal is to relieve bronchoconstriction and improve airflow. Short-acting beta-2 agonists like albuterol are the first-line treatment because they quickly relax the smooth muscles of the airways, leading to bronchodilation. Albuterol works within minutes, providing rapid relief from the symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.

D) Methylxanthines such as Theophylline:
Methylxanthines (e.g., theophylline) were once used for asthma management but are no longer considered the first-line treatment for acute exacerbations due to their narrow therapeutic range and the potential for toxicity. While theophylline can provide bronchodilation, its onset of action is slower than that of beta-agonists like albuterol, and it is generally reserved for more chronic management of asthma or severe cases where other medications are not effective.

A. Administering oral antibiotics to a client with UTI. B. Teaching a client with a new order for a renal angiogram. C. Evaluate the outflow of peritoneal diasylate. D. Assess a client with flank pain due to glomerulonephritis.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Administering oral antibiotics to a client with UTI:
Administering oral antibiotics is an appropriate task to delegate to a licensed practical nurse (LPN). LPNs are trained to administer medications, including oral antibiotics, and to monitor for common side effects or adverse reactions. Since the task is routine and does not require advanced clinical judgment, it can be delegated to the LPN under the nurse’s supervision.

B) Teaching a client with a new order for a renal angiogram:
Teaching a client about a new diagnostic procedure, such as a renal angiogram, requires advanced knowledge and clinical judgment to explain the procedure, its risks, and the necessary pre- and post-procedure care. This task is best performed by a registered nurse (RN) because it involves providing detailed patient education and addressing the patient’s concerns.

C) Evaluate the outflow of peritoneal dialysate:
Evaluating the outflow of peritoneal dialysate is a more complex task that involves assessing the effectiveness of the dialysis process and identifying any potential complications (e.g., infection, leakage). This task requires clinical expertise in dialysis and the ability to interpret changes in the output. Although LPNs may assist in monitoring the process, it is ultimately the RN’s responsibility to evaluate the outcome, interpret any changes, and intervene if necessary.

D) Assess a client with flank pain due to glomerulonephritis:
Assessment of a client with flank pain related to glomerulonephritis requires a thorough evaluation of the client's condition, including understanding the potential causes of pain and monitoring for complications such as renal failure or infection. This type of assessment requires critical thinking and clinical judgment, making it the responsibility of the RN.

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A nurse is caring for a client who taking benztropine to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report which of the following side effects of benztropine?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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