A nurse is caring for a client who just had a flexible bronchoscopy. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate?

Have the client refrain from talking for 24 hr.

Withhold food and liquids until the client's gag reflex returns.

Irrigate the client's throat every 4 hr.

Suction the client's oropharynx frequently.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Have the client refrain from talking for 24 hr.: This is unnecessary; the client may talk once the effects of the local anesthetic wear off, typically within an hour or two after the procedure.
B. Withhold food and liquids until the client's gag reflex returns: This is the most important action to prevent aspiration. After a bronchoscopy, the throat is anesthetized, and eating or drinking before the gag reflex returns increases the risk of aspiration.
C. Irrigate the client's throat every 4 hr.: This is not a routine post-procedure intervention and could be uncomfortable for the client.
D. Suction the client's oropharynx frequently: Suctioning should only be performed if the client has difficulty clearing secretions. There is no routine need for frequent suctioning after a bronchoscopy unless clinically indicated.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Polyuria is typically a symptom of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) rather than hypoglycemia. When blood glucose is elevated, the kidneys attempt to excrete the excess glucose, leading to increased urination.
B. Tachycardia (increased heart rate) is a common sign of hypoglycemia due to the body's stress response to low blood sugar. The release of adrenaline (epinephrine) can cause a rapid heart rate.
C. Blurred vision can occur with hypoglycemia because low glucose levels can affect the function of the retina and cause vision changes. This can resolve once the blood glucose level is normalized.
D. Polydipsia (excessive thirst) is more commonly seen in hyperglycemia, as high blood glucose leads to dehydration due to increased urination.
E. Moist, clammy skin is a classic sign of hypoglycemia. When blood sugar drops too low, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system, which can cause sweating and clammy skin.

A. "It is caused by the lack of production of insulin by the pancreas." B. "It is caused by the overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid gland." C. "It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland." D. "It is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "It is caused by the lack of production of insulin by the pancreas.": This is incorrect. The lack of insulin production causes diabetes mellitus, not Addison’s disease. Addison’s disease results from insufficient production of adrenal hormones, particularly aldosterone and cortisol.
B. "It is caused by the overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid gland.": This is incorrect. Parathormone is produced by the parathyroid glands and regulates calcium balance, but overproduction of parathormone leads to conditions such as hyperparathyroidism, not Addison’s disease.
C. "It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland.": This is correct. Addison’s disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is caused by the inability of the adrenal glands to produce sufficient aldosterone and cortisol, two critical hormones. Aldosterone helps regulate sodium and potassium balance, and cortisol helps the body respond to stress.
D. "It is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland.": This is incorrect. Overproduction of growth hormone causes acromegaly or gigantism, not Addison’s disease. Addison’s disease results from adrenal insufficiency, not pituitary gland dysfunction.

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A nurse is caring for a client who just had a flexible bronchoscopy. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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