A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for alcohol detoxification. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer during this phase of the client's care?

Buprenorphine

Diazepam

Varenicline

Rimonabant

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Buprenorphine is primarily used for the treatment of opioid dependence, not alcohol detoxification. It is a partial opioid agonist and can precipitate withdrawal symptoms in individuals dependent on opioids. Therefore, it is not appropriate for alcohol detoxification and would not typically be administered in this context.
B.   Diazepam belongs to the benzodiazepine class of medications and is commonly used during alcohol detoxification. Benzodiazepines help manage symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, including anxiety, tremors, agitation, and seizures. They work by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Diazepam has a longer duration of action and is preferred in managing alcohol withdrawal due to its smoother pharmacokinetic profile compared to shorter-acting benzodiazepines.
C.   Varenicline is a medication used for smoking cessation. It works by partially activating nicotine receptors in the brain, reducing the pleasurable effects of smoking and decreasing withdrawal symptoms. It is not indicated for alcohol detoxification and would not be used in this context.
D.   Rimonabant is a cannabinoid receptor antagonist that was once used for weight loss but has been withdrawn from the market due to psychiatric side effects, including depression and anxiety. It is not indicated for alcohol detoxification and would not be administered in this context.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Adolescents who are preparing to leave home for college are generally more independent and have a higher level of verbal communication compared to younger children. They are less likely to be at high risk for physical abuse because they can potentially seek help or report abuse more readily.

B. School-age children typically have better verbal communication skills and may express their desires and feelings more clearly compared to younger children. They are generally less vulnerable to physical abuse compared to younger children who may not be able to communicate their experiences as effectively.
C. Preschoolers are at a higher risk for physical abuse compared to older children and adolescents. They are still developing verbal communication skills and may not be able to express their feelings or report abuse clearly. Their dependence on caregivers for basic needs and care also increases their vulnerability.
D. Toddlers, especially those with chronic health conditions like cystic fibrosis, are particularly vulnerable to physical abuse. Their young age, dependency on caregivers for basic needs, limited verbal communication skills, and potential health challenges increase their risk. Caregivers may feel overwhelmed or stressed by the child's condition, which could potentially contribute to abusive behaviors.

Correct Answer is ["1.5"]

Explanation

Divide the total required dose by the dose available per tablet. 375 mg is the required dose and each tablet contains 250 mg. So, 375 mg divided by 250 mg equals 1.5.

Therefore, the nurse should administer 1.5 tablets of disulfiram.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for alcohol detoxification. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer during this phase of the client's care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a group of clients in a pediatric clinic. Which of the following clients is at highest risk for physical abuse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer disulfiram 375 mg PO once daily. Available is disulfiram 250 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["1.5"]

Explanation

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