A nurse is caring for a client who is on anti-retroviral therapy (ART), which includes indinavir sulfate (Crixivan), a protease inhibitor, for the treatment of HIV. Which client statement demonstrates that teaching was effective?

"If I don't take my medication as scheduled, the virus may become resistant to treatment."

"If I don't take my medication as scheduled, it may cause my RNA to convert to DNA."

"If I don't take my medication as scheduled, it may prevent the HIV from being assembled."

"If I don't take my medication as scheduled, my CD4 lymphocyte count may increase."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. This statement accurately reflects the importance of adherence to ART; if medication is missed, the virus may replicate unchecked, leading to drug resistance, which is a significant concern in HIV treatment.

B. This statement is incorrect because the conversion of RNA to DNA is a normal part of the HIV life cycle and is not directly prevented by taking medication on time.

C. While protease inhibitors do help prevent the assembly of new virions, the primary concern when missing doses is the risk of resistance rather than assembly prevention.

D. This statement is misleading; while effective ART can lead to an increase in CD4 counts over time, missing doses would not directly cause an increase in CD4 lymphocyte counts.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Fungal and bacterial infections can occur later as the immune system becomes compromised, but they are not initial symptoms of HIV infection.

B. Flu-like symptoms and night sweats are common initial manifestations of acute HIV infection, often occurring within 2-4 weeks after exposure.

C. Kaposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer associated with advanced HIV/AIDS and not an initial symptom of infection.

D. Pneumocystis lung infection typically occurs later in the course of HIV disease when the immune system is severely weakened, not during the initial infection stage.

A. Quantitative RNA assay B. Western blot analysis C. Viral load test D. CD4+ T-cell count

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A quantitative RNA assay is used to measure the amount of HIV RNA in the blood and is not used for confirmatory diagnosis after a positive ELISA.

B. The Western blot analysis is the standard confirmatory test for HIV following a positive ELISA result, as it specifically detects the presence of antibodies to HIV proteins.

C. A viral load test assesses the level of virus in the blood but does not confirm the diagnosis of HIV.

D. The CD4+ T-cell count is used to assess immune function in individuals with HIV but is not a confirmatory test for the diagnosis of the virus.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is on anti-retroviral therapy (ART), which includes indinavir sulfate (Crixivan), a protease inhibitor, for the treatment of HIV. Which client statement demonstrates that teaching was effective?

Nursing Test Bank

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