A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and tingling of the lips and fingers. The client's ABGs are pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85 mm Hg. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify that the client is experiencing?

Respiratory alkalosis.

Respiratory acidosis.

Metabolic alkalosis.

Metabolic acidosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

The client's ABG values show a pH of 7.48, PCO2 of 30 mm Hg, HCO3 of 24 mEq/L, and PaO2 of 85 mm Hg. The elevated pH and decreased PCO2 (respiratory component) suggest respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there is excessive ventilation, leading to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels (hypocapnia) and subsequent alkalosis.

Choice B rationale:

Respiratory acidosis is characterized by an elevated PCO2 and decreased pH. In this case, the client's PCO2 is decreased, indicating respiratory alkalosis rather than respiratory acidosis.

Choice C rationale:

Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an elevated HCO3 (bicarbonate) level and an increased pH. The client's HCO3 level is within the normal range, making metabolic alkalosis an incorrect identification.

Choice D rationale:

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decreased HCO3 level and a decreased pH. The client's HCO3 level is within the normal range, ruling out metabolic acidosis as the acid-base imbalance in this case.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The nurse should administer oxygen to the client experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell crisis can cause vaso-occlusion, leading to tissue hypoxia and pain. Administering oxygen helps to improve tissue oxygenation and relieve symptoms.

Choice B rationale:

Administering opioids is appropriate for managing the severe pain associated with a sickle cell crisis. Opioids are effective analgesics that can help alleviate the acute pain experienced by the client.

Choice C rationale:

Administering whole blood is not typically indicated for a sickle cell crisis. Whole blood transfusion is reserved for specific indications, such as severe anemia or acute blood loss, but it is not a standard treatment for sickle cell crisis pain.

Choice D rationale:

Elevating the head of the bed to 30° can improve oxygenation and reduce the workload on the respiratory system, which is beneficial for clients experiencing a sickle cell crisis. It helps to optimize lung expansion and alleviate hypoxia.

Choice E rationale:

Keeping the client NPO (nothing by mouth) is not necessary in a sickle cell crisis. There is no indication that the client cannot tolerate oral intake, so allowing them to eat and drink as usual is appropriate.

A. Difficulty maintaining personal hygiene. B. Difficulty handling finances. C. Difficulty remembering names of new friends. D. Difficulty driving to and from familiar places.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Difficulty maintaining personal hygiene is not typically an early indication of mild Alzheimer's disease. In the early stages, individuals can still manage personal hygiene.

Choice B rationale:

Difficulty handling finances may occur in the later stages of Alzheimer's disease, but it is not an early indication. In the early stages, the person might still manage financial matters.

Choice C rationale:

Difficulty remembering the names of new friends is a common early sign of mild Alzheimer's disease. It reflects the impairment of short-term memory that often occurs in the early stages of the disease.

Choice D rationale:

Difficulty driving to and from familiar places is more likely to be a mid-to-late-stage symptom of Alzheimer's disease. In the early stages, individuals might still drive familiar routes with minimal difficulty.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and tingling of the lips and fingers. The client's ABGs are pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85 mm Hg. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify that the client is experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who is in a sickle cell crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?(Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client for manifestations of mild Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect as an early indication of the disease?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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