Choice A rationale

While providing age-appropriate stimulation is important for all newborns, it is not the priority nursing goal in caring for a newborn with a myelomeningocele awaiting surgery.

Choice B rationale

Educating the parents about the defect is an important part of care, but it is not the priority nursing goal. The immediate physical needs of the newborn take precedence.

Choice C rationale

This is the correct answer. The sac covering the exposed neural tissue must be carefully protected to prevent infection and further damage. Therefore, maintaining the integrity of the sac is the priority nursing goal.

Choice D rationale

Promoting maternal-infant bonding is important, but it is not the priority nursing goal in caring for a newborn with a myelomeningocele awaiting surgery.

Choice A rationale

Applying cold compresses 20 minutes before each feeding may not be the most effective way to manage breast engorgement. Cold compresses can help to reduce swelling and relieve pain, but they do not address the underlying cause of engorgement, which is the accumulation of milk in the breasts.

Choice B rationale

Drinking herbal tea to reduce engorgement is not a proven method. While some herbs are believed to have galactagogue properties (increase milk production), they do not directly address breast engorgement. Furthermore, the safety and efficacy of many herbal remedies are not well-studied, and some may have side effects.

Choice C rationale

Letting the baby drain one breast at each feeding can help to alleviate engorgement, but it may not be sufficient if the feedings are spaced too far apart. The breasts continue to produce milk between feedings, and if the milk is not removed, engorgement can occur.

Choice D rationale

Feeding the baby every 2 hours can help to manage breast engorgement. Regular feedings help to ensure that the milk is being removed from the breasts, preventing the buildup that leads to engorgement.