A nurse is caring for a client who has presbycusis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Sit by the client's side and speak very slowly.

Speak directly to the client, a little more slowly, in a normal, clear voice.

Prepare to remove the blockage in the ear.

Raise your voice and speak loudly and into the client's good ear.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Speaking very slowly distorts speech, worsening comprehension in presbycusis, an age-related high-frequency hearing loss. Facing the client aids lip-reading, but excessive slowness disrupts natural cadence, reducing clarity for those with sensorineural deficits typically seen here.

Choice B reason: Speaking directly, slightly slower, in a clear voice enhances understanding in presbycusis. Facing the client supports visual cues, while normal volume avoids distortion, addressing high-frequency loss effectively without assuming blockage or overcompensating unnecessarily for this condition.

Choice C reason: Presbycusis is sensorineural, not conductive from blockages like cerumen. Preparing to remove nonexistent wax misdiagnoses this age-related cochlear degeneration, wasting time and missing the communication adjustments needed for effective care in this scenario entirely.

Choice D reason: Raising the voice distorts sound, worsening presbycusis comprehension, as shouting amplifies lower frequencies, not the lost high ones. Assuming a “good ear” ignores bilateral degeneration, making this less effective than clear, direct speech for communication here.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Thrush, a fungal infection from Candida, needs treatment but isn’t immediately urgent unless severe. It’s common in immunocompromised states, manageable with antifungals, lacking the acute, life-threatening potential requiring instant medical escalation in most typical cases here.

Choice B reason: Leukoplakia, white patches in the mouth, may signal precancerous changes linked to oral cancer. Its potential malignancy demands immediate follow-up for biopsy and intervention, distinguishing it as the most urgent diagnosis among these options clearly and critically.

Choice C reason: Gingivitis, gum inflammation, requires dental care but isn’t an immediate medical emergency. It’s reversible with hygiene, not posing the rapid progression risk of leukoplakia, making it less urgent for prompt physician referral in this context fully.

Choice D reason: Canker sores, benign ulcers, heal without intervention and lack systemic threat. Unlike leukoplakia’s cancer risk, they don’t warrant urgent follow-up, remaining a self-limiting condition not necessitating immediate medical escalation beyond routine management here entirely.

A. Angle closure glaucoma B. Presbyopia C. Macular degeneration D. Cataracts

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Angle closure glaucoma causes peripheral vision loss and pain from pressure, not central loss. This acute condition contrasts with the client’s central vision complaint, excluding it as the suspected diagnosis in this scenario entirely here.
Choice B reason: Presbyopia blurs near vision from lens stiffness, not central loss. This age-related change affects focus, not macular function, making it unrelated to the specific central vision impairment the client reports fully and accurately here.
Choice C reason: Macular degeneration degrades central vision via retinal damage, common in older adults. This matches the client’s loss, as the macula processes sharp central sight, making it the likely suspect for this visual complaint comprehensively here.
Choice D reason: Cataracts cause diffuse blurriness, not isolated central loss. Lens opacity scatters light broadly, differing from macular-specific damage, rendering this less likely than macular degeneration for the client’s central vision issue fully here.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has presbycusis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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