During the health history a client describes recent episodes of intermittent facial pain lasting several minutes. The vital signs are 98.6°F orally, pulse 86, respirations 20, blood pressure 142/88 and O2 saturation of 96%. The nurse should recognize that this complaint is suggestive of what health problem?
Trigeminal neuralgia
Meningitis
Migraine headache
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Trigeminal neuralgia causes sharp, intermittent facial pain lasting minutes due to cranial nerve V irritation. Normal vitals and no systemic symptoms align with this neuropathic condition, distinguishing it from inflammatory or vascular headache causes in this presentation.
Choice B reason: Meningitis presents with fever, neck stiffness, and severe headache, not intermittent facial pain. Normal temperature and vitals here rule out this acute infection, which affects meninges broadly, not just facial nerves, making it an unlikely fit.
Choice C reason: Migraines involve throbbing head pain, often with nausea or photophobia, lasting hours, not minutes of facial pain. The client’s brief, episodic description and normal vitals don’t match migraine’s typical systemic or prolonged profile, excluding it here.
Choice D reason: TMJ dysfunction causes jaw pain, often with chewing difficulty or joint sounds, not intermittent facial pain alone. Normal vitals and no joint-specific complaints suggest this isn’t TMJ-related, pointing instead to a neural origin like trigeminal neuralgia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Prolonged tonsillar enlargement may cause throat issues or obstruction, but rhinorrhea stems from nasal inflammation, not tonsils. This focuses on oropharyngeal anatomy, missing the direct nasal etiology tied to runny nose in upper airway complaints here entirely.
Choice B reason: Allergies trigger nasal inflammation via histamine, causing rhinorrhea as IgE-mediated mast cells release mediators. A history of this is key, directly linking environmental triggers to the client’s runny nose, making it the most relevant assessment area accurately.
Choice C reason: Incomplete immunizations increase infection risk, but rhinorrhea more commonly ties to allergies or viruses than vaccine-preventable diseases here. This is less specific to the symptom’s etiology without fever or systemic signs, reducing its pertinence significantly.
Choice D reason: Epistaxis (nosebleeds) relates to vascular fragility, not mucus production like rhinorrhea. Past bleeding doesn’t explain runny nose, focusing on a separate nasal issue, making it less relevant to the upper airway complaint’s root cause in this case fully.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Bilateral malalignment implies both eyes misalign variably, but esotropia specifies inward deviation, often unilateral. This vague term doesn’t match the precise diagnosis of esotropia present for five years, making it less expected here fully.
Choice B reason: Left eye turning outward is exotropia, not esotropia, which turns inward. This contradicts the client’s documented condition, misaligning with the expected inward deviation from cranial nerve VI or muscle imbalance entirely and accurately here.
Choice C reason: Oscillating eyes suggest nystagmus, not esotropia’s fixed inward turn. Esotropia is static misalignment, not rhythmic movement, excluding this as the priority finding for this client’s established eye condition in this exam fully here.
Choice D reason: Right eye turning inward fits esotropia, a common misalignment where one eye deviates medially. Given the five-year history, this is the expected external exam finding, reflecting the diagnosis accurately and consistently in this case here.
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