A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving desmopressin by intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of a therapeutic response to the medication?
Increase in serum sodium
Decrease in urine output
Increase in heart rate
Decrease in blood pressure
The Correct Answer is B
A. Increase in serum sodium: Desmopressin, a synthetic form of vasopressin, works to decrease urine output and increase water reabsorption in the kidneys. Therefore, a therapeutic response to desmopressin would not result in an increase in serum sodium; rather, it would aim to normalize serum sodium levels by reducing excessive urine output.
B. Decrease in urine output: The primary therapeutic goal of desmopressin in the treatment of diabetes insipidus is to decrease urine output by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. Therefore, a decrease in urine output would indicate a positive response to the medication.
C. Increase in heart rate: Desmopressin primarily affects kidney function by increasing water reabsorption and does not typically have a direct effect on heart rate. Therefore, an increase in heart rate would not be a manifestation of a therapeutic response to desmopressin.
D. Decrease in blood pressure: Desmopressin works to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys and does not typically cause significant changes in blood pressure. Therefore, a decrease in blood pressure would not be a manifestation of a therapeutic response to desmopressin.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Dobutamine: Dobutamine is a sympathomimetic medication used to increase cardiac output in conditions such as heart failure or cardiogenic shock. It is not indicated for the management of severe hypertension.
B. Epinephrine: Epinephrine is a sympathomimetic medication used for the management of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), cardiac arrest, and severe asthma exacerbations. It is not indicated for the management of severe hypertension.
C. Dexamethasone: Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid medication used for a variety of
conditions, including inflammation, allergic reactions, and certain cancers. It is not indicated for the management of severe hypertension.
D. Nitroprusside: Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator used for the rapid reduction of blood pressure in hypertensive emergencies, such as hypertensive crises or malignant hypertension. It acts quickly to dilate both arterial and venous vessels, leading to a rapid decrease in blood pressure. Therefore, it is the appropriate choice for this client with severe hypertension and a severe headache.
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
A. Advise the client to change positions slowly: The client's symptoms of dizziness and light- headedness upon standing suggest orthostatic hypotension, which can be managed by advising the client to change positions slowly to minimize blood pressure drops upon standing.
B. Check the client for orthostatic hypotension. Monitor the client for dysrhythmias: The client's symptoms, along with the report of waking up at night to void, are suggestive of orthostatic hypotension, a drop in blood pressure upon standing. Checking for orthostatic hypotension and monitoring for dysrhythmias are appropriate nursing actions to assess and manage this condition.
C. Advise the client to restrict potassium intake: Restricting potassium intake is not indicated based on the client's symptoms of dizziness and light-headedness. This action is not relevant to the situation described.
D. Advise the client to take the medication before bedtime: There is no indication in the scenario provided that medication timing is related to the client's symptoms. This action is not relevant to addressing the client's reported symptoms.
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