A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving desmopressin by intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of a therapeutic response to the medication?
Increase in serum sodium
Decrease in urine output
Increase in heart rate
Decrease in blood pressure
The Correct Answer is B
A. Increase in serum sodium: Desmopressin, a synthetic form of vasopressin, works to decrease urine output and increase water reabsorption in the kidneys. Therefore, a therapeutic response to desmopressin would not result in an increase in serum sodium; rather, it would aim to normalize serum sodium levels by reducing excessive urine output.
B. Decrease in urine output: The primary therapeutic goal of desmopressin in the treatment of diabetes insipidus is to decrease urine output by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. Therefore, a decrease in urine output would indicate a positive response to the medication.
C. Increase in heart rate: Desmopressin primarily affects kidney function by increasing water reabsorption and does not typically have a direct effect on heart rate. Therefore, an increase in heart rate would not be a manifestation of a therapeutic response to desmopressin.
D. Decrease in blood pressure: Desmopressin works to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys and does not typically cause significant changes in blood pressure. Therefore, a decrease in blood pressure would not be a manifestation of a therapeutic response to desmopressin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Leg tenderness: Leg tenderness can be a sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a rare but serious complication associated with oral contraceptives. Therefore, the nurse should report this finding immediately for further evaluation and management to prevent complications such as pulmonary embolism.
B. Cramps: Mild cramps are a common side effect of oral contraceptives and do not typically require immediate reporting unless they are severe or persistent.
C. Nausea: Nausea is a common side effect of oral contraceptives, especially during the initial weeks of use. It usually improves over time and does not typically require immediate reporting unless it is severe or persistent.
D. Abdominal bloating: Abdominal bloating is a common side effect of oral contraceptives and is usually mild and self-limiting. It does not typically require immediate reporting unless it is severe or persistent.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Peripheral edema: Peripheral edema is not a commonly reported adverse effect of paroxetine.
It is more commonly associated with medications such as calcium channel blockers and certain antihypertensive agents.
B. Alopecia: Alopecia, or hair loss, is not a commonly reported adverse effect of paroxetine. Hair loss is more commonly associated with certain chemotherapy agents and other medications.
C. Drowsiness: Drowsiness is a common side effect of paroxetine and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Clients should be advised to monitor for drowsiness, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dosage. Drowsiness can affect activities such as driving or operating machinery and may indicate the need for dosage adjustment or medication change.
D. Tinnitus: Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is not a commonly reported adverse effect of paroxetine. It is more commonly associated with medications such as certain antibiotics (e.g., aminoglycosides) and high-dose aspirin.
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