A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury.
The client's ABGs are: pH: 7.26, PaCO2: 30 mm Hg, HCO3: 14 mEq/L. Which of the following acid imbalances should the nurse identify the client is experiencing?
Metabolic alkalosis.
Respiratory acidosis.
Metabolic acidosis.
Respiratory alkalosis.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Metabolic alkalosis is incorrect because it would present with a high pH and high HCO3, which is not the case here.
Choice B rationale:
Respiratory acidosis is incorrect because it would present with a low pH and high PaCO2, which is not the case here.
Choice C rationale:
Metabolic acidosis is correct because it presents with a low pH and low HCO3, which matches the client’s ABG results.
Choice D rationale:
Respiratory alkalosis is incorrect because it would present with a high pH and low PaCO2, which is not the case here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, is a common early sign of hypovolemic shock as the body tries to compensate for the decreased blood volume by increasing the heart rate.
Choice B rationale:
Diminished urine output is a sign of hypovolemic shock, but it is not typically an early sign.
Choice C rationale:
Cold, clammy skin is a sign of hypovolemic shock, but it is not typically an early sign.
Choice D rationale:
Unconsciousness is a late sign of hypovolemic shock, indicating severe blood loss and inadequate perfusion to the brain.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Metabolic acidosis would likely present with rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), not slow and shallow breathing.
Choice B rationale:
The client’s symptoms of vomiting (which can cause a loss of stomach acid), dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in the extremities and around the mouth are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.
Choice C rationale:
Respiratory alkalosis would likely present with rapid breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.
Choice D rationale:
Respiratory acidosis would likely present with rapid, shallow breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.
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