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A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury.
The client's ABGs are: pH: 7.26, PaCO2: 30 mm Hg, HCO3: 14 mEq/L. Which of the following acid imbalances should the nurse identify the client is experiencing?

Metabolic alkalosis.

Respiratory acidosis.

Metabolic acidosis.

Respiratory alkalosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Metabolic alkalosis is incorrect because it would present with a high pH and high HCO3, which is not the case here.

Choice B rationale:

Respiratory acidosis is incorrect because it would present with a low pH and high PaCO2, which is not the case here.

Choice C rationale:

Metabolic acidosis is correct because it presents with a low pH and low HCO3, which matches the client’s ABG results.

Choice D rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis is incorrect because it would present with a high pH and low PaCO2, which is not the case here.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Low blood pressure (BP) is a symptom of hypovolemic shock due to decreased blood volume, but the pulse rate typically increases as the body tries to compensate for the low BP, not decrease.

Choice B rationale:

Hypovolemic shock is characterized by low BP due to loss of blood or fluid volume and a high pulse rate as the body tries to compensate for the decreased blood flow.

Choice C rationale:

High BP is not typically associated with hypovolemic shock. Instead, BP is usually low due to decreased blood volume.

Choice D rationale:

High BP is not typically a symptom of hypovolemic shock. While the pulse rate may be high as the body tries to compensate for low blood volume, the BP is usually low.

A. Place the client in a modified Trendelenburg position. B. Apply pressure directly to the wound. C. Elevate the extremity. D. Apply a tourniquet just above the wound.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Placing the client in a modified Trendelenburg position is not the first action to take when managing a heavily bleeding wound.

Choice B rationale:

Applying direct pressure to the wound is the first action to take to control bleeding.

Choice C rationale:

Elevating the extremity can help control bleeding, but it is not the first action to take.

Choice D rationale:

Applying a tourniquet is a last resort when other methods of controlling bleeding have failed.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury.The client's ABGs are: pH: 7.26, PaCO2: 30 mm Hg, HCO3: 14 mEq/L. Which of the following acid imbalances should the nurse identify the client is experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury.
The client's ABGs are: pH: 7.26, PaCO2: 30 mm Hg, HCO3: 14 mEq/L. Which of the following acid imbalances should the nurse identify the client is experiencing?