A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for clozapine. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect of this medication?
Diarrhea
Hypoglycemia
Agranulocytosis
Urinary frequency
The Correct Answer is C
A. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect of clozapine. Gastrointestinal symptoms may occur with some antipsychotics, but diarrhea is not a primary concern with clozapine therapy.
B. Hypoglycemia: Clozapine is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia and increased risk of diabetes mellitus, rather than hypoglycemia. Blood glucose monitoring may be needed in clients at risk.
C. Agranulocytosis: Clozapine can cause severe neutropenia or agranulocytosis, which increases the risk of infection. Regular monitoring of white blood cell counts is essential, and any signs of infection should prompt immediate evaluation.
D. Urinary frequency: Urinary frequency is not a typical adverse effect of clozapine. Anticholinergic effects like urinary retention are more commonly associated with this medication, rather than increased frequency.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Determine the client's Glasgow Coma Scale score: Assessing the client’s neurological status using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the first action because it establishes a baseline for consciousness, guides priority interventions, and helps detect early deterioration. Rapid neurological assessment is critical in closed head injuries to identify life-threatening changes.
B. Prepare the client for an MRI of the brain: Imaging is important for diagnosis, but it is not the first action. The client’s neurological status must be assessed and stabilized before sending them for diagnostic procedures to ensure safety during transport and imaging.
C. Administer mannitol IV bolus to the client: Mannitol is used to reduce intracranial pressure, but administering it before assessing neurological status may not be indicated. Treatment should be guided by the assessment findings, including GCS and signs of increased intracranial pressure.
D. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter for the client: Catheterization may be necessary for monitoring output in critically ill clients, but it is not a priority over assessing neurological status. Maintaining airway, breathing, and circulation, and assessing neurologic function take precedence in head injury care.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"B"}}
Explanation
Rationale
• Irrigate indwelling urinary catheter with 50 mL normal saline: Following perineal prostatectomy, bladder spasms, pink urine, and a sensation of fullness can indicate catheter blockage from clots. Gentle irrigation with a small volume ensures catheter patency and relieves obstruction. The client’s decreasing urine output despite increased intake further supports the need for irrigation. Restoring flow prevents retention and reduces discomfort from bladder spasms.
• Apply warm compresses to the incision site: Heat increases vasodilation and can worsen postoperative bleeding in a highly vascular perineal area. A prostatectomy incision requires protection from excessive warmth to reduce hemorrhage risk. Additionally, warm compresses could increase swelling and discomfort.
• Maintain bed rest for 2 days postoperatively: Early ambulation is essential to prevent postoperative complications such as DVT, which is especially important given the client’s history of thrombosis. This client is already independently ambulating, which should be encouraged. Bed rest would increase clot formation risk and impair bowel function, worsening constipation and pain.
• Place a blanket roll under the client’s knees while in bed: Placing pillows or rolls under the knees promotes venous stasis and increases DVT risk, which is dangerous for this client with a past history of thrombosis. Knee flexion also strains the perineal surgical area and may increase pain. Maintaining legs flat encourages optimal circulation and reduces risk of clot formation.
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