A nurse is caring for a client who asks about the purpose of advance directives. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
They allow the court to overrule an adult client’s refusal of medical treatment.
They indicate the form of treatment a client is willing to accept in the event of a serious illness.
They permit a client to withhold medical information from health care personnel.
They allow health care personnel in the emergency department to stabilize a client’s condition.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
This statement is incorrect. Advance directives do not allow the court to overrule an adult client’s refusal of medical treatment. They are legal documents that provide instructions for medical care and only go into effect if the individual cannot communicate their own wishes.
Choice B rationale
This statement is correct. Advance directives indicate the form of treatment a client is willing to accept in the event of a serious illness. They allow individuals to express their preferences about medical treatment at some point in the future, should they become unable to communicate their wishes.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. Advance directives do not permit a client to withhold medical information from health care personnel. They are used to communicate the individual’s wishes about medical treatment to their healthcare providers and family.
Choice D rationale
This statement is incorrect. Advance directives do not specifically allow health care personnel in the emergency department to stabilize a client’s condition. They are used to guide choices for doctors and caregivers if the individual is terminally ill, seriously injured, in a coma, in the late stages of dementia or near the end of life.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
When a patient is placed on isolation precautions, the nurse should wear an N95 mask when caring for the patient. This is to protect the nurse from airborne particles that may be present in the patient’s environment.
Choice B rationale
Another important action the nurse should take is to place a container for soiled linens inside the patient’s room. This is to prevent the spread of infection from the patient’s room to other areas of the healthcare facility.
Choice C rationale
Wearing a sterile, water-resistant gown if within 3 feet of the patient is not necessary unless the patient has a condition that requires contact precautions, such as MRSA or VRE. In general, isolation precautions do not require the use of a sterile gown unless performing a sterile procedure.
Choice D rationale
Ensuring the patient’s room is well-ventilated is important for certain types of isolation precautions, such as airborne precautions for tuberculosis. However, it is not a standard action for all isolation precautions.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease that affects the lungs. However, it does not typically cause lung hyperinflation.
Choice B rationale
Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes. While it can cause symptoms similar to those described, it does not typically cause lung hyperinflation or localized pneumonia in the left upper lobe.
Choice C rationale
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The client’s symptoms of a productive cough with thick yellow sputum, crackles in the left upper lobe, and decreased breath sounds at bases bilaterally are consistent with pneumonia. The chest x-ray showing left upper lobe pneumonia confirms this diagnosis.
Choice D rationale
Asthma is a condition in which a person’s airways become inflamed, narrow and swell, and produce extra mucus, which makes it difficult to breathe. While asthma can cause lung hyperinflation, it does not typically cause localized pneumonia in the left upper lobe.
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