A nurse is caring for a client

Exhibits

. PN with 20% dextrose requires a central venous line for administration. Peripheral veins cannot handle the high osmolarity of such solutions, which can cause phlebitis and vein damage. A central venous line is necessary to deliver the solution safely into a larger vein with a higher blood flow.
A. Fat emulsions (lipids) are often administered separately from the PN solution, but they can also be infused concurrently through a Y-connector to minimize the risk of contamination. However, it is crucial to follow the specific guidelines of the healthcare facility and the manufacturer’s recommendations. The decision to administer separately or concurrently depends on the prescribed protocol.
B. PN solutions are typically changed every 24 hours to reduce the risk of infection. The high glucose content in PN solutions provides a rich medium for bacterial growth, making it essential to adhere to strict aseptic techniques and timely changes of the infusion bag.
C. Blood glucose monitoring is crucial for clients receiving PN due to the high dextrose content, which can significantly impact blood glucose levels. However, more frequent monitoring, such as every 4-6 hours initially, is often required rather than just a random daily check. This helps in promptly identifying and managing hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.

B. Regular weight-bearing exercises, such as walking, are beneficial for maintaining bone density and strength, which can help prevent osteoporosis. Walking for 30 minutes three to five times per week is a suitable recommendation because it provides consistent moderate-intensity exercise that stimulates bone remodeling and strengthens bones.
A. Water aerobics is a low-impact exercise that is beneficial for overall health and fitness, but it may not provide the same bone-strengthening benefits as weight-bearing exercises like walking.
C. Increasing intake of vitamin B12 is not directly related to osteoporosis prevention. While vitamin B12 is important for overall health and may play a role in bone metabolism, its supplementation is not a primary recommendation for osteoporosis prevention.
D. Maintaining a lean body mass is important for overall health, but it may not directly prevent osteoporosis. While excessive body weight can increase the load on bones and promote bone density, maintaining a healthy body weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise is more important than specifically focusing on lean body mass for osteoporosis prevention.