A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). What should the nurse recognize as the underlying mechanism of DIC?

Excessive production of platelets.

Inadequate production of clotting factors.

Uncontrolled activation of the clotting cascade.

Decreased platelet count.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Incorrect. In DIC, platelet consumption and depletion occur due to widespread clot formation, leading to a decreased platelet count.

B) Incorrect. While inadequate production of clotting factors could lead to bleeding disorders, DIC is characterized by uncontrolled activation of the clotting cascade, leading to excessive clot formation initially, followed by consumption of clotting factors and increased bleeding.

C) Correct. DIC is a serious condition in which there is widespread activation of the clotting cascade, causing the formation of numerous small blood clots throughout the body. These clots can lead to organ dysfunction and excessive bleeding.

D) Incorrect. DIC is associated with decreased platelet count due to the consumption of platelets in the formation of multiple small clots.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Correct. Arteriography is a radiographic procedure that uses contrast dye to visualize the blood vessels and can precisely identify the location and cause of bleeding, especially in cases of significant hemorrhage.

B) Incorrect. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to assess the heart's electrical activity and is not relevant to identifying the location of bleeding.

C) Incorrect. A chest X-ray may be performed for various respiratory or cardiovascular assessments, but it is not specific to identifying the cause of bleeding.

D) Incorrect. A complete blood count (CBC) provides valuable information about the client's red blood cells and hemoglobin levels but does not directly identify the exact location and cause of bleeding.

A. The client has a history of hypertension. B. The client has been taking anticoagulant medication. C. The client is a regular blood donor. D. The client has a balanced diet.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Incorrect. While hypertension can be a risk factor for cardiovascular issues, it is not directly associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage.

B) Correct. Anticoagulant medication can interfere with the body's clotting mechanisms, making the client more susceptible to bleeding and hemorrhage.

C) Incorrect. Being a regular blood donor does not inherently increase the risk of hemorrhage unless the client donates too frequently, leading to anemia.

D) Incorrect. Having a balanced diet is essential for overall health, but it is not a specific risk factor for hemorrhage.

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A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). What should the nurse recognize as the underlying mechanism of DIC?

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