A nurse is caring for a 75-year-old client with aspiration pneumonia. The nurse should recognize what age-related change can contribute to the development of aspiration pneumonia?
Degenerative joint changes
Decreased gastric secretions
Decreased sense of smell
Diminished cough reflex
The Correct Answer is D
A: Degenerative joint changes can affect mobility and overall health but do not directly contribute to aspiration pneumonia.
B: Decreased gastric secretions can affect digestion but are not a primary factor in the development of aspiration pneumonia.
C: A decreased sense of smell can affect appetite and food intake but does not directly lead to aspiration pneumonia.
D: A diminished cough reflex is a significant age-related change that can contribute to the development of aspiration pneumonia. The cough reflex helps clear the airway of food, liquid, and other foreign materials. When this reflex is diminished, the risk of aspiration and subsequent pneumonia increases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
A: A client with lactose intolerance does not have an increased risk of aspiration while eating. Lactose intolerance affects the digestive system, causing symptoms like bloating and diarrhea when consuming dairy products, but it does not impact swallowing.
B: A client who has had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke is at increased risk of aspiration. Strokes can affect the muscles involved in swallowing, leading to dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) and increasing the risk of food or liquid entering the airway.
C: A client who has had prolonged diarrhea is not typically at increased risk of aspiration. Diarrhea affects the gastrointestinal system but does not directly impact the swallowing mechanism.
D: A client who has had trauma to the head and neck is at increased risk of aspiration. Such trauma can damage the structures involved in swallowing, leading to dysphagia and a higher likelihood of aspiration.
E: A client who is 4 hours postoperative following a leg amputation with general anesthesia is at increased risk of aspiration. General anesthesia can depress the gag reflex and swallowing function, making it easier for food or liquid to enter the airway during the immediate postoperative period.
Correct Answer is D,A,C,B
Explanation
A: Pulling the fire alarm is essential to alert others to the fire and initiate the emergency response. However, it should follow the immediate rescue of clients.
B: Extinguishing the fire is important but should be done after ensuring the safety of clients and confining the fire.
C: Confining the fire helps prevent it from spreading and should be done after pulling the fire alarm.
D: Rescuing the clients is the first priority to ensure their safety. Clients should be moved to a safe area away from the fire.
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