A nurse is caring for a 75-year-old client with aspiration pneumonia. The nurse should recognize what age-related change can contribute to the development of aspiration pneumonia?

Degenerative joint changes

Decreased gastric secretions

Decreased sense of smell

Diminished cough reflex

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A: Degenerative joint changes can affect mobility and overall health but do not directly contribute to aspiration pneumonia.

B: Decreased gastric secretions can affect digestion but are not a primary factor in the development of aspiration pneumonia.

C: A decreased sense of smell can affect appetite and food intake but does not directly lead to aspiration pneumonia.

D: A diminished cough reflex is a significant age-related change that can contribute to the development of aspiration pneumonia. The cough reflex helps clear the airway of food, liquid, and other foreign materials. When this reflex is diminished, the risk of aspiration and subsequent pneumonia increases.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A: A nasal cannula delivers a lower concentration of oxygen, typically between 24-44% FIO2, and is used at flow rates of 1-6 L/min. It is not suitable for delivering 40-60% FIO2.

B: A simple face mask can deliver 40-60% FIO2 at flow rates of 5-8 L/min. It covers the nose and mouth, providing a higher concentration of oxygen compared to a nasal cannula.

C: An aerosol mask is used for delivering humidified oxygen or medications via nebulization. It can deliver varying concentrations of oxygen but is not specifically designed for 40-60% FIO2 at 5-8 L/min.

D: A face tent is used for patients who cannot tolerate a mask, such as those with facial trauma or claustrophobia. It provides humidified oxygen but does not deliver a precise FIO2 concentration.

A. 165 mg/dL B. 35 mg/dL C. 10 mg/dL D. 31 mg/dL

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A: A BUN level of 165 mg/dL is extremely high and suggests severe dehydration or possible renal failure. This level is far above the normal range and indicates a critical condition.

B: A BUN level of 35 mg/dL is elevated and consistent with dehydration. Dehydration causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water, leading to higher concentrations of urea in the blood.

C: A BUN level of 10 mg/dL is within the normal range and does not indicate dehydration. This level suggests normal kidney function and hydration status.

D: A BUN level of 31 mg/dL is elevated and suggests dehydration. While not as high as 165 mg/dL, it still indicates that the patient is dehydrated and requires intervention.

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A nurse is caring for a 75-year-old client with aspiration pneumonia. The nurse should recognize what age-related change can contribute to the development of aspiration pneumonia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which oxygen delivery device can deliver 40-60% FIO2 and is from 5-8 L/min?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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