A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child with Down Syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse recognize as associated with Down Syndrome? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Atlantoaxial Instability

Normal developmental milestones

Congenital hypothyroidism

Frequent respiratory infections

Congenital heart defects

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

A.   Atlantoaxial instability is a condition that can occur in children with Down syndrome, where the upper spine is less stable, leading to potential neurological complications.
B.   Normal developmental milestones are typically delayed in children with Down syndrome, making this option incorrect.
C.   Congenital hypothyroidism is common in children with Down syndrome, and thyroid function should be regularly monitored.
D.   Children with Down syndrome are at higher risk for frequent respiratory infections due to an altered immune system and other factors.

E.   Congenital heart defects are present in a significant number of children with Down syndrome, making this a key clinical manifestation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Small pieces of banana are soft and typically pose a lower choking risk compared to firmer or rounder foods.
B. Cut-up grapes pose a high choking hazard due to their round shape and firm texture, which can obstruct the airway if not cut into small enough pieces.
C. Baked potato is soft and generally not a high choking risk unless it is served in large chunks.
D. Cut-up pieces of steak can be a choking hazard if not cooked or cut appropriately, but grapes present a more significant risk due to their shape and size.

A. "Carry a rescue inhaler with you at all times." B. "Use the peak expiratory flow meter once per week." C. "Take cromolyn sodium at the first sign of breathing difficulty." D. "You should stop playing basketball, but you can swim instead."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Carrying a rescue inhaler at all times is essential for managing asthma attacks and ensuring that relief is available in case of sudden symptoms.
B. The peak expiratory flow meter should be used more frequently than once per week, especially during symptom flare-ups, to monitor asthma control.
C. Cromolyn sodium is a preventive medication and should not be used as a rescue medication during an asthma attack.
D. Physical activity, including basketball, can generally be continued if the child’s asthma is well- controlled, and stopping exercise is not recommended unless symptoms are triggered.

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A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child with Down Syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse recognize as associated with Down Syndrome? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating new parents about choking hazards in the home. Which food item should the parents understand is the highest risk in younger children?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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