A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child with Down Syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse recognize as associated with Down Syndrome? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Atlantoaxial Instability

Normal developmental milestones

Congenital hypothyroidism

Frequent respiratory infections

Congenital heart defects

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

A.   Atlantoaxial instability is a condition that can occur in children with Down syndrome, where the upper spine is less stable, leading to potential neurological complications.
B.   Normal developmental milestones are typically delayed in children with Down syndrome, making this option incorrect.
C.   Congenital hypothyroidism is common in children with Down syndrome, and thyroid function should be regularly monitored.
D.   Children with Down syndrome are at higher risk for frequent respiratory infections due to an altered immune system and other factors.

E.   Congenital heart defects are present in a significant number of children with Down syndrome, making this a key clinical manifestation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Vibration is typically performed during exhalation, not inspiration. This helps to loosen secretions.
B. Percussion should not last 15 minutes per lung segment; it is generally performed for shorter periods to avoid discomfort or injury.
C. Administering albuterol prior to CPT helps open the airways, making it easier for the child to expectorate secretions. This is a standard practice for improving the effectiveness of CPT.
D. It is not recommended to perform CPT immediately after a meal, as it may increase the risk of aspiration or discomfort. It is usually advised to wait at least 30 minutes after eating.

A. Restrain the toddler to prevent movement during the injection. B. Gather all necessary supplies for the injection. C. Explain the procedure to the toddler using simple language. D. Assess the toddler's vital signs prior to the injection.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While some form of restraint may be necessary, explaining the procedure first is important for reducing anxiety and helping the toddler understand what is going to happen.
B. Gathering supplies is essential but should come after preparing the child and ensuring they are mentally ready.
C. Explaining the procedure to the toddler helps ease anxiety and ensures they are informed, even at a young age.
D. Routine vital sign assessment is not necessary for a simple IM injection unless the child has a specific medical condition.

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A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child with Down Syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse recognize as associated with Down Syndrome? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a child who has cystic fibrosis and receives chest physiotherapy (CPT). Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular (IM) injection to a toddler. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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