A nurse is assisting with the care of a school-age child who has shigella. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Choice A rationale:
"Provide your child with long-term goals to increase self-esteem." While setting long-term goals can indeed contribute to increasing a child's self-esteem, this choice may not be the most directly related to promoting a child's learning, especially for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Children with ADHD often struggle with attention and focus, and setting long-term goals might not address their immediate needs in terms of learning strategies.
Choice B rationale:
"Offer your child frequent breaks in activity during the day." Children with ADHD often benefit from frequent breaks in activities to help manage their attention and energy levels. These breaks can help prevent mental fatigue, increase focus, and enhance overall learning. This choice is appropriate for promoting the child's learning and is often recommended as part of ADHD management strategies.
Choice C rationale:
"Administer your child's medication at bedtime to prevent insomnia." This statement is not necessarily accurate for all medications used to treat ADHD. Some ADHD medications can indeed cause insomnia as a side effect, but the timing of medication administration can vary based on the specific medication and the child's individual response. It's essential for parents to follow the healthcare provider's instructions regarding medication timing.
Choice D rationale:
"Schedule a different routine for your child each day." Children with ADHD often benefit from consistent routines and schedules, as they provide structure and predictability, which can help manage their symptoms. Introducing a different routine each day could actually exacerbate symptoms and make it more challenging for the child to focus and engage in learning activities.

Choice A rationale:
A 15-year-old client who requests testing for a sexually transmitted infection (STI) is seeking healthcare related to sexual health, which is often considered confidential. In many jurisdictions, minors of a certain age (often 12 or older) have the legal right to consent to STI testing and treatment without parental consent. While education on sexual health and responsible decision-making is important, in this case, the nurse may not need to involve the parent if the legal requirements are met.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. Minors generally require parental consent for medical procedures, including biopsies. A biopsy involves a medical intervention that can carry risks, and it is important to have informed parental consent for procedures on underage clients.
Choice C rationale:
A 16-year-old client who requires prenatal care for pregnancy is not applicable in this scenario. Prenatal care is focused on managing the health and well-being of a pregnant individual and their developing fetus. The question does not provide information that suggests this situation.
Choice D rationale:
A 13-year-old client who requests contraception advice may have the right to access contraception services without parental consent, depending on local laws and regulations. Many places allow minors to access contraception services confidentially, recognizing the importance of sexual health and preventing unintended pregnancies. However, it's always important for healthcare providers to assess each situation and the applicable legal framework to determine whether parental involvement is required.