A nurse is assisting with the care of a school-age child who has shigella. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Maintain oral rehydration therapy.
Provide a diet high in sodium.
Administer antiviral medication.
Give antidiarrheal agents every 4 hours.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Maintaining oral rehydration therapy is a crucial nursing action when caring for a child with shigella, which is a bacterial infection that causes severe diarrhea. Oral rehydration therapy helps prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalances caused by fluid loss from diarrhea. It involves giving the child oral rehydration solutions containing electrolytes and fluids to replace those lost through diarrhea.
Choice B rationale:
Providing a diet high in sodium is not recommended for a child with shigella. Shigella is associated with diarrhea and gastrointestinal symptoms, and a high-sodium diet can worsen fluid imbalances and dehydration.
Choice C rationale:
Shigella is a bacterial infection, not a viral infection, so administering antiviral medication would not be effective or appropriate. Antiviral medications are used to treat viral infections, not bacterial ones like shigella.
Choice D rationale:
Giving antidiarrheal agents every 4 hours is not recommended for a child with shigella. Antidiarrheal agents can slow down the gastrointestinal tract and inhibit the body's natural mechanism for expelling harmful substances, such as bacteria. It's important to allow the body to eliminate the bacteria and toxins causing the infection through diarrhea, while simultaneously providing rehydration support.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This medication can cause ringing in the ears (Choice A) is not a common side effect of amoxicillin. Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) is not typically associated with the use of this antibiotic.
Choice B rationale:
This medication can cause muscle pain (Choice B) is not a common side effect of amoxicillin. Muscle pain is not among the usual adverse reactions associated with its use.
Choice C rationale:
This medication can cause loose stools (Choice C) is a relevant side effect of amoxicillin. Antibiotics, including amoxicillin, can disrupt the normal balance of gut bacteria, potentially leading to gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea or loose stools.
Choice D rationale:
This medication can cause blurred vision (Choice D) is not a common side effect of amoxicillin. Blurred vision is not a typical adverse effect associated with the use of this antibiotic.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Obtain the specimen by swabbing the infant's rectum using a sterile culture swab. This is the correct choice. When collecting a stool specimen from an infant, the rectal swab method is commonly used. A sterile culture swab helps prevent contamination and ensures accurate results for detecting the presence of ova and parasites in the stool.
Choice B rationale:
Place a urine collection device on the infant until the specimen is obtained. This choice is not appropriate for collecting a stool specimen. A urine collection device is used for collecting urine, not stool. The specimen for ova and parasites needs to be taken directly from the rectum or diaper to accurately identify any infestations.
Choice C rationale:
Transfer the specimen to the collection container using povidone-iodine-soaked gauze. While povidone-iodine is an antiseptic, it is not typically used to transfer stool specimens. Using a sterile swab or a clean, dry container is more suitable for collecting and transporting stool samples to the lab.
Choice D rationale:
Maintain the specimen at room temperature after collection until it is transferred to the lab. Stool specimens for ova and parasites usually require refrigeration to prevent the degradation and growth of potential pathogens. Room temperature might lead to the overgrowth of bacteria and parasites, affecting the accuracy of test results.
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