A nurse is assisting in the care of a 6 year old child who preoperative for repair of a fractured femur.

Exhibits

For each finding click to specify whether the finding indicates no change in the child's condition or is a sign of potential worsening condition.

A. Offering one banana and 1/2 cup of rice with each meal is incorrect. Although bananas and rice are part of the BRAT diet, which is sometimes recommended for diarrhea, the primary concern in mild dehydration is restoring fluids first. Once hydration is managed, a regular diet can be resumed.

B. Giving 2 tsp of oral rehydration solution every 5 to 10 minutes is correct. Small, frequent amounts of oral rehydration solution (ORS) help replace lost fluids without overwhelming the stomach, reducing the risk of further vomiting or diarrhea. ORS is the preferred treatment for mild dehydration.

C. Encouraging intake of fruit juices is incorrect. Fruit juices, especially apple or pear juice, contain high amounts of sugar, which can worsen diarrhea by drawing water into the intestines and increasing stool output. Instead, ORS should be used to rehydrate the child.

D. Administering promethazine as needed is incorrect. Promethazine is an antiemetic that is not typically recommended for children due to the risk of sedation and potential side effects. Additionally, vomiting is not the primary symptom of E. coli infections, so rehydration should be the main focus.

A. The risk of injury from firearms decreases as children enter adolescence is incorrect. The risk of firearm-related injuries actually increases in adolescence due to factors such as peer influence, impulsivity, and potential exposure to violence.

B. Medroxyprogesterone provides protection against gonorrhea is incorrect. Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-ProverA. is a hormonal contraceptive that prevents pregnancy but does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like gonorrhea.

C. Driving skills can be impaired when friends are present is correct. Adolescent drivers are at an increased risk of motor vehicle accidents due to inexperience and distractions, particularly when passengers are present. Peer influence can lead to riskier driving behaviors.

D. Sun protection is not necessary when using self-tanning creams is incorrect. While self-tanning creams give the appearance of a tan, they do not provide UV protection. Adolescents should still use sunscreen to prevent sunburn and reduce the risk of skin cancer.