A nurse is assisting a school nurse with scoliosis screenings for a group of 12-year-old children. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Tell the children to alternate standing on one foot and observe their balance.
Ask the children to bend forward at the waist and observe them from behind.
Tell the children to stand up straight and observe them facing forward.
Ask the children to raise their hands over their head and turn from side to side.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Tell the children to alternate standing on one foot and observe their balance: Assessing balance does not evaluate spinal curvature or detect scoliosis. While balance testing may identify neuromuscular issues, it is not part of standard scoliosis screening and does not reveal lateral spinal deviations.
B. Ask the children to bend forward at the waist and observe them from behind: The forward bend (Adam’s forward bend) test is the recommended screening method for scoliosis. Observing from behind allows the nurse to detect asymmetry in the shoulders, ribs, or hips, which may indicate spinal curvature. This method is simple, noninvasive, and effective for early detection.
C. Tell the children to stand up straight and observe them facing forward: Viewing the child from the front while standing upright may reveal gross asymmetry but is less sensitive than the forward bend test. Subtle spinal curvatures are often not noticeable when the child is standing upright.
D. Ask the children to raise their hands over their head and turn from side to side: Raising arms and twisting does not provide clear visualization of spinal asymmetry. Scoliosis screening relies on observing the alignment of the spine and rib cage during forward flexion, not rotational movements.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "You should verify the identity of anyone who wants to remove your baby from the room.": Parents should confirm the identity and role of anyone attempting to take the newborn to prevent abduction or misidentification. Verifying identification badges and following hospital protocols for infant security is a critical safety measure in the maternal-newborn unit.
B. "You can leave your baby in your room while you walk in the hallway.": Newborns should never be left unattended, even briefly, due to the risk of falls, accidental injury, or abduction. Continuous supervision by a parent or staff member is required at all times.
C. "Your baby should have one identification band on either their right arm or right leg.": Standard newborn safety procedures require two identification bands—one on the wrist and one on the ankle—to ensure correct identification. A single band is insufficient for reliable infant security.
D. "You can leave the unit with your baby as long as you notify the nurse.": Leaving the unit with a newborn without following strict security protocols, including escort and verification, is prohibited. Unauthorized movement of the infant could compromise safety and breach hospital security policies.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Have several small meals during the day.": Smaller, more frequent meals reduce the work of breathing required during eating, as large meals can increase diaphragmatic pressure and exacerbate dyspnea in clients with COPD. This strategy helps maintain adequate nutritional intake without causing fatigue or shortness of breath.
B. "Limit snacking between meals.": Restricting snacks may lead to insufficient caloric intake, which can worsen weight loss and muscle weakness common in COPD. Frequent small meals, including healthy snacks, are preferred to maintain energy levels and support respiratory muscle function.
C. "Eat one food at a time during meals.": While simplifying meals can help some clients, the key intervention for dyspnea management during meals is controlling meal size and frequency. Focusing on single foods does not significantly reduce the work of breathing.
D. "Consume a full-liquid diet.": A full-liquid diet is generally unnecessary unless swallowing difficulties exist. Liquids alone may not provide sufficient calories or protein for clients with increased energy expenditure due to COPD and may contribute to malnutrition.
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