A nurse is assessing a newborn who has intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
The nurse should recognize that this newborn is at risk for developing hypoglycemia because of which of the following factors?
Increased glycogen stores
Decreased gluconeogenesis
Increased insulin production
Decreased glucose consumption
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is choice C. Increased insulin production. Infants with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are at risk for hypoglycemia due to poor nutrient reserves and hyperinsulinism.
Hyperinsulinism is a condition where the pancreas produces too much insulin, which lowers the blood glucose level. Infants with IUGR may have hyperinsulinism because of placental insufficiency, maternal diabetes, or fetal stress.
Choice A is wrong because increased glycogen stores would protect against hypoglycemia, not cause it.
Glycogen is a form of stored glucose that can be broken down when blood glucose level is low.
Choice B is wrong because decreased gluconeogenesis would also protect against hypoglycemia, not cause it.
Gluconeogenesis is a process where the liver makes glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids or lactate.
Choice D is wrong because decreased glucose consumption would also protect against hypoglycemia, not cause it.
Glucose consumption is the rate at which cells use glucose for energy production.
If glucose consumption is low, blood glucose level would be high.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. Hypoglycemia.
The newborn is at risk for hypoglycemia because of the maternal diabetes and the prematurity.Maternal diabetes causes fetal hyperinsulinism, which persists after birth and lowers the blood glucose level of the newborn.Prematurity causes inadequate glycogen stores and immature enzyme function, which also contribute to hypoglycemia.Hypoglycemia can cause symptoms such as tachycardia, cyanosis, seizures, and apnea.
Choice A is wrong because hyperglycemia is unlikely in a newborn with hyperinsulinism and deficient glycogen stores.
Choice C is wrong because hypertension is not a common complication of maternal diabetes or prematurity in newborns.
Choice D is wrong because hypothyroidism is not related to maternal diabetes or prematurity.Hypothyroidism can cause symptoms such as lethargy, poor feeding, jaundice, and hypotonia.
Normal ranges for blood glucose levels in newborns vary depending on the age, weight, and feeding status of the baby.
Generally, a level below 40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L) in symptomatic term newborns, below 45 mg/dL (2.5 mmol/L) in asymptomatic term newborns between 24 hours and 48 hours of life, or below 30 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) in preterm newborns in the first 48 hours is considered hypoglyc
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Increased insulin production.Infants with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are at risk for hypoglycemia due to poor nutrient reserves and hyperinsulinism.
Hyperinsulinism is a condition where the pancreas produces too much insulin, which lowers the blood glucose level.Infants with IUGR may have hyperinsulinism because of placental insufficiency, maternal diabetes, or fetal stress.
Choice A is wrong because increased glycogen stores would protect against hypoglycemia, not cause it.
Glycogen is a form of stored glucose that can be broken down when blood glucose level is low.
Choice B is wrong because decreased gluconeogenesis would also protect against hypoglycemia, not cause it.
Gluconeogenesis is a process where the liver makes glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids or lactate.
Choice D is wrong because decreased glucose consumption would also protect against hypoglycemia, not cause it.
Glucose consumption is the rate at which cells use glucose for energy production.
If glucose consumption is low, blood glucose level would be high.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.