A nurse is assessing a client's coccyx area and notes visible subcutaneous fat with tunneling. Which of the following pressure injury stages should the nurse document?
Unstageable
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
The Correct Answer is D
A. Unstageable: An unstageable pressure injury occurs when the full thickness of tissue loss is obscured by slough or eschar. Since subcutaneous fat and tunneling are visible in this case, the injury can be staged and is not unstageable.
B. Stage 2: Stage 2 pressure injuries involve partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis. They do not extend into subcutaneous tissue and do not present with tunneling or visible fat, so this stage does not fit the description.
C. Stage 3: Stage 3 injuries involve full-thickness skin loss with damage extending into subcutaneous tissue, but without exposed muscle, tendon, or bone. While tunneling can occur in stage 3, the presence of visible subcutaneous fat with deep tunneling is more consistent with stage 4.
D. Stage 4: Stage 4 pressure injuries are full-thickness tissue losses with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle, and may include extensive tunneling or undermining. The presence of visible subcutaneous fat and tunneling indicates severe tissue damage, consistent with stage 4.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Discuss the client's strengths and weaknesses with the client: Exploring strengths can be part of long‑term therapeutic support, but it does not address the immediate concern of a possible suicidal statement. Before engaging in broader discussions, the nurse must first determine the meaning and seriousness of the client’s words.
B. Ask the client to clarify what they mean: Asking the client to clarify their statement is the priority because it directly assesses the risk of self‑harm. This step helps the nurse determine whether the client has suicidal ideation, intent, or a plan. Clear assessment of safety concerns must occur before any other supportive or therapeutic interventions.
C. Ask the client if they have been taking their medication as prescribed: Medication adherence is important, but it does not address the urgency of a suicidal comment. Focusing on medications can divert attention from immediate safety needs and delay critical assessment of suicidal risk.
D. Remind the client that it is not the end of life: Offering reassurance without assessing the client’s emotional state can minimize their feelings and discourage further communication. This response may shut down dialogue and does not evaluate the level of risk, which is the most urgent priority.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. An assistive personnel can evaluate a client's response to medication: Assistive personnel do not have the education or licensure to evaluate medication effects. They can perform delegated tasks such as vital signs or basic care, but assessment and evaluation of clinical responses remain within the RN’s scope of practice.
B. An RN can initiate the plan of care for a client on admission: Registered nurses are responsible for performing assessments, identifying nursing diagnoses, and developing an individualized plan of care upon admission. This is a core component of the RN’s legal scope of practice and requires professional judgment.
C. An RN can delegate blood administration to a licensed practical nurse: Blood administration is a high-risk procedure that generally cannot be delegated to an LPN in many states due to its complexity and potential for adverse reactions. The RN retains responsibility for administration and monitoring.
D. A licensed practical nurse can provide initial discharge instructions: Providing initial discharge instructions requires comprehensive assessment, education, and evaluation, which are within the RN’s scope of practice. LPNs may reinforce education but cannot independently provide initial instructions.
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