A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 24 weeks of gestation. Which of the following findings is a potential indication the client has gestational diabetes mellitus?

Recurrent UTI

Family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Heart rate is consistently between 55/min and 58/min

Reports decrease in urination frequency

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Recurrent UTI: Frequent urinary tract infections can be a sign of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) because hyperglycemia creates an environment conducive to bacterial growth. Recurrent infections may indicate impaired glucose regulation and warrant further screening for GDM.

B. Family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus: While a family history increases the client’s risk for developing GDM, it is not a direct indicator that the client currently has gestational diabetes. It is considered a risk factor rather than a presenting finding.

C. Heart rate is consistently between 55/min and 58/min: A slightly lower maternal heart rate is not indicative of gestational diabetes. Maternal bradycardia in this range is usually not related to glucose metabolism and may be influenced by other factors such as fitness level or medication use.

D. Reports decrease in urination frequency: Gestational diabetes typically causes polyuria rather than decreased urination. Reduced urination is not a characteristic finding associated with GDM and may suggest other renal or hydration issues instead.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "The item serving size is consistent from one manufacturer to the next.": Serving sizes can vary between different manufacturers and products. Clients should read the label carefully for the specific serving size of each item, as it is not standardized across brands.

B. “The daily values relate to a 1,500-calorie diet.": Daily values on nutrition labels are based on a 2,000-calorie diet, not 1,500 calories. Understanding this helps clients interpret percentages correctly in the context of their individual dietary needs.

C. "Food manufacturers provide nutrition information voluntarily.": Nutrition labeling is required by law for most packaged foods. It is not voluntary, and clients should understand that these labels are standardized and regulated.

D. "The ingredient with the greatest weight appears first.": Ingredients on nutrition labels are listed in descending order by weight. The first ingredient is present in the largest amount, which helps clients make informed choices about food composition.

A. Observe the client's ability to keep their elbows extended when using the crutches. B. Instruct the client to lean forward when using the crutches. C. Observe the client's gait pattern when using the crutches. D. Ensure the client's weight is placed on their axilla area when using the crutches.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Observe the client's ability to keep their elbows extended when using the crutches: The elbows should be slightly flexed, not fully extended, when using crutches. Observing for elbow extension is incorrect and could indicate improper technique. Proper elbow positioning is assessed as part of gait evaluation rather than as a standalone measure.

B. Instruct the client to lean forward when using the crutches: Leaning forward places excessive pressure on the axillae and increases the risk of nerve injury. Clients should maintain an upright posture while using crutches, so this instruction is unsafe and should not be included in care planning.

C. Observe the client's gait pattern when using the crutches: Observing the gait pattern allows the nurse to assess how the client distributes weight, coordinates movements, and uses the crutches safely. This assessment is essential prior to planning care and interventions, ensuring that the client can ambulate safely and independently.

D. Ensure the client's weight is placed on their axilla area when using the crutches: Weight should be supported by the hands and arms, not the axillae, to prevent nerve damage. Ensuring proper weight distribution is part of teaching and assessment, but placing weight on the axillae is incorrect and unsafe.

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A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 24 weeks of gestation. Which of the following findings is a potential indication the client has gestational diabetes mellitus?

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