A nurse is assessing a client with suspected acute cholecystitis. Which of the following physical examination findings is a hallmark sign of this condition?
Rebound tenderness in the right upper quadrant
Murphy's sign
Hypoactive bowel sounds
Left lower quadrant abdominal pain
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Rebound tenderness in the right upper quadrant is not a hallmark sign of acute cholecystitis. It may be present in conditions such as appendicitis or peritonitis.
Choice B reason:
This statement is correct. Murphy's sign is a hallmark sign of acute cholecystitis. It is elicited by asking the client to take a deep breath while the nurse palpates the right upper quadrant. If the client abruptly stops breathing due to pain upon palpation, it indicates inflammation of the gallbladder (positive Murphy's sign).
Choice C reason:
Hypoactive bowel sounds may be present in some gastrointestinal conditions but are not specific to acute cholecystitis.
Choice D reason:
Left lower quadrant abdominal pain is not associated with acute cholecystitis. This type of pain is more commonly seen in conditions such as diverticulitis or colitis.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Gastroenteritis typically presents with symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. It does not cause jaundice or severe right upper quadrant pain.
Choice B reason:
This statement is correct. Cholecystitis with cholangitis is characterized by severe right upper quadrant abdominal pain, fever, and jaundice. Cholangitis is an inflammation of the bile ducts, often caused by gallstone migration and obstruction.
Choice C reason:
A urinary tract infection may cause symptoms such as burning urination and frequent urination but does not present with right upper quadrant abdominal pain or jaundice.
Choice D reason:
GERD is a condition characterized by acid reflux and heartburn. It does not cause severe right upper quadrant abdominal pain or jaundice.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
While chronic cholecystitis can lead to complications, such as gallbladder inflammation and gallstones, it is not a typical cause of gallbladder cancer.
Choice B reason:
This statement is correct. Complications of chronic cholecystitis may include pancreatitis, which is inflammation of the pancreas, and cholangitis, which is inflammation of the bile ducts. These complications can occur if gallstones migrate from the gallbladder and obstruct the pancreatic or bile ducts.
Choice C reason:
This statement is incorrect. Chronic cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, not the pancreas. However, complications of chronic cholecystitis, such as gallstone migration, can cause acute inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis).
Choice D reason:
Complications of chronic cholecystitis do not typically include lung infections. The primary complications are related to the gallbladder, pancreas, and bile ducts.
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