A nurse is assessing a client who is nonverbal for acute pain.
Which of the following findings is a manifestation of pain?

Choice A rationale:

The nurse is demonstrating the concept of disease prevention during a blood pressure screening for a client with a family history of hypertension. Disease prevention involves actions taken to reduce the risk of developing a disease or condition. In this case, the nurse is actively screening for hypertension, a condition that the client may be at risk for due to their family history. By identifying elevated blood pressure early, the nurse can help prevent the progression of hypertension and its associated complications.

Choice B rationale:

Holistic health is a comprehensive approach to healthcare that considers the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects of an individual. While holistic health is an essential aspect of nursing care, the scenario described in the question focuses on a specific action related to blood pressure screening, which is better categorized as disease prevention.

Choice C rationale:

Health promotion involves activities that aim to enhance a person's well-being and quality of life, such as encouraging healthy behaviors and lifestyle choices. While blood pressure screening can be a part of health promotion, the primary goal in the scenario is to identify and prevent hypertension, which aligns more with disease prevention.

Choice D rationale:

Health education refers to the process of providing information and education to individuals to help them make informed decisions about their health. While health education may be a part of the overall nursing care provided to the client, the primary action in the scenario is to perform a blood pressure screening, which is a proactive measure to prevent disease, rather than solely focused on educating the client.

Choice A rationale;

Inability to form healthy relationships: This is more commonly associated with fixation at the phallic stage.

Choice B rationale:

Feelings of shame are associated with Freud's psychosexual stages, particularly during the anal stage. Fixation at the oral stage is more likely to result in issues related to dependency and oral fixation, which may manifest as habits like nail-biting or smoking, rather than feelings of shame.

Choice C rationale:

According to Freud's psychosexual theory, fixation at the oral stage can lead to oral personality traits. These traits are often associated with oral activities like eating, drinking, smoking, and talking. Overeating is a common behavior linked to oral fixation, as it represents a seeking of oral gratification.

Choice D rationale:

Bedwetting is not typically associated with fixation at the oral stage of development. Bedwetting is more commonly linked to issues at the anal stage. In the oral stage, the fixation is primarily related to dependency and oral behaviors. .