A nurse is caring for a client who has phantom limb pain.
The nurse should identify the client is experiencing which type of pain?

Choice A rationale:

The statement, "Depression," does not align with the client's promise to go to church every day if they get better. Depression is one of the Kubler-Ross stages of grief, but it does not reflect the client's behavior of making promises to engage in specific activities if they improve. Therefore, this choice does not represent the client's current stage of grief accurately.

Choice B rationale:

The client's statement, "If I get better, I promise to go to church every day," indicates that the client is in the bargaining stage of grief. During this stage, individuals often make deals or promises in an attempt to reverse or delay the terminal diagnosis or adverse outcome. This response reflects the typical behavior associated with the bargaining stage, making it the correct choice.

Choice C rationale:

The statement, "Denial," is not consistent with the client's promise to go to church every day. Denial is a stage in which individuals may refuse to accept the reality of their situation and may not engage in making promises or deals. Therefore, this choice does not accurately represent the client's current stage of grief.

Choice D rationale:

The statement, "Anger," does not align with the client's promise to go to church every day. Anger is another stage of grief, characterized by frustration and resentment, but it does not correspond to the client's behavior of making promises. This choice does not accurately reflect the client's current stage of grief.

Choice A rationale:

Constipation in a client on bedrest is a common issue, and one of the primary interventions is to increase fluid intake. Adequate hydration helps soften the stool, making it easier to pass, and can prevent constipation. This intervention is based on sound nursing principles and is the most appropriate choice.

Choice B rationale:

Encouraging the client to drink cold fluids is not a specific intervention for constipation. While staying hydrated is important, the temperature of the fluids is not as relevant to relieving constipation as the overall fluid intake.

Choice C rationale:

Requesting a prescription for mineral oil is not the first-line intervention for constipation. Mineral oil can have potential side effects and should only be used when other measures have failed. Increasing fluid intake and dietary fiber are typically the initial steps taken.

Choice D rationale:

Placing the client on a low-fiber diet is not an appropriate intervention for constipation. A low-fiber diet can exacerbate constipation by reducing the bulk and softness of the stool. This choice is counterproductive to addressing the issue.