A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Distended neck veins
Elevated hematocrit level
Shortness of breath
Weight gain
The Correct Answer is B
Distended neck veins: Distended neck veins are typically associated with fluid volume excess rather than deficit. In heart failure, venous congestion can cause jugular venous distention, indicating fluid volume overload rather than deficit. Therefore, this finding would not suggest fluid volume deficit in a client with heart failure receiving furosemide.
B) Elevated hematocrit level: Fluid volume deficit, also known as dehydration or hypovolemia, is characterized by a loss of both water and electrolytes from the body, leading to a relative increase in the concentration of red blood cells and other blood components. This increase in concentration results in an elevated hematocrit level, which is a common laboratory finding in clients with fluid volume deficit. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, is commonly used to manage fluid overload in clients with heart failure by promoting diuresis and reducing excess fluid retention. However, excessive diuresis with furosemide can lead to fluid volume deficit if not adequately monitored and managed.
C) Shortness of breath: Shortness of breath is a common symptom of heart failure, particularly when fluid accumulates in the lungs (pulmonary edema) due to fluid volume overload. While shortness of breath may be present in both fluid volume deficit and excess, it is more commonly associated with fluid volume overload in clients with heart failure.
D) Weight gain: Weight gain is indicative of fluid volume excess rather than deficit. In heart failure, weight gain often occurs due to fluid retention, reflecting an increase in total body water and extracellular fluid volume. Monitoring weight is essential in managing heart failure and assessing fluid status, but weight gain would not suggest fluid volume deficit in a client receiving furosemide for heart failure management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) The client has an increased creatinine level: While an increased creatinine level may indicate renal impairment, it is not specific to a vancomycin infusion reaction. Elevated creatinine levels may occur due to various factors, including underlying kidney disease or dehydration.
B) The client is experiencing hypotension: This is the correct answer. Hypotension, or low blood pressure, can be a manifestation of a vancomycin infusion reaction. Vancomycin infusion reactions may include anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions, which can lead to systemic vasodilation and subsequent hypotension.
C) The client's IV site is red and edematous: Redness ’nd edema at the IV site may indicate phlebitis or infiltration, which are local complications rather than systemic reactions to vancomycin infusion.
D) The client reports ringing in their ears: Ringing in the ears, also known as tinnitus, is a potential side effect of vancomycin, particularly with high doses or prolonged use. However, it is not specific to a vancomycin infusion reaction and may occur independently of the infusion process.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Ask another nurse to check the medication dosage prior to administration: While double-checking medication dosages with another nurse can be a part of the medication safety process, it primarily ensures the right dose rather than confirming the right medication. This action focuses on the right dose rather than the right medication.
B) Use two client identifiers prior to administering the medication: This action aligns with the principles of medication safety and the "five rights" of medication administration, which include the right patient. Using at least two client identifiers, such as name and date of birth, helps ensure that the medication is being administered to the correct patient, which is essential for preventing errors related to patient misidentification.
C) Document the full name of the prescribed medication after administration: While accurate documentation is important for maintaining a complete record of medication administration, documenting the full name of the medication after administration does not directly ensure that the right medication was administered beforehand. It is a step in the documentation process but does not specifically address the verification of the medication before administration.
D) Verify a written order with the medication administration record: Verifying a written order with the medication administration record helps ensure that the correct medication is being administered as prescribed by the healthcare provider. However, this action focuses on confirming the accuracy of the prescription rather than confirming the right medication immediately before administration.
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